升深气田天然气水合物生成及预防措施研究
发布时间:2018-10-31 07:06
【摘要】:天然气在管道内输送和处理的过程中,容易形成天然气水合物堵塞管道、设备,甚至可以导致爆炸,不同程度的损害人身安全以及企业利益。本文首先介绍了天然气水合物的结构,天然气水合物的生成对实际生产造成影响。然后对水合物压力、温度预测的经验图解法、相平衡计算法进行了对比综述分析,并结合实际生产,提出了水合物形成的条件因素,压力和温度,这两个因素对天然气水合物的形成,起到了决定性的作用,并通过水合物生成及分解规律实验,根据图解法和观察法,和记录下的压力,温度,时间的数据,开展规律分析研究,验证了压力升高,温度降低等因素对水合物生成的影响。最后根据天然的生成条件提出了预防水合物形成的具体措施,分别为提高天然气流动温度、降低压力、干燥气体、添加抑制剂四种方法,提高天然气流动温度、降低压力这两种方法应用在一些生产情况下具有条件性,而添加抑制剂方法,通过生产实践的观察发现,加入甲醇抑制剂可使水合物分解,有效的防止天然气水合物的形成,避免管线的冻堵,效果良好。甲醇抑制剂的可行性在生产实践中得到了应用与验证。此项研究结合生产实际,对天然气水合物的预防和治理等具有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:It is easy to form gas hydrate to block the pipeline, equipment and even cause explosion in the process of transportation and treatment of natural gas in pipeline, damage to personal safety and interests of the enterprise in varying degrees. In this paper, the structure of natural gas hydrate is introduced, and the formation of gas hydrate affects the actual production. Then, the empirical graphic method of hydrate pressure and temperature prediction and the calculation method of phase equilibrium are compared and analyzed. Combined with actual production, the conditions for hydrate formation, pressure and temperature are put forward. These two factors play a decisive role in the formation of natural gas hydrate, and through the experiment of hydrate formation and decomposition law, according to the graphic method and observation method, and recorded the pressure, temperature, time data, The effects of pressure rise and temperature decrease on hydrate formation were verified. Finally, according to the natural formation conditions, the specific measures to prevent hydrate formation are put forward, which are to increase the flow temperature of natural gas, reduce the pressure, dry the gas, and add inhibitors to increase the flow temperature of natural gas. The two methods of reducing pressure are used in some production conditions, but the adding of inhibitor method, through the observation of production practice, shows that adding methanol inhibitor can decompose the hydrate and prevent the formation of natural gas hydrate effectively. Avoid the freezing of the pipeline, the effect is good. The feasibility of methanol inhibitor has been applied and verified in production practice. This study is of great practical significance for the prevention and control of natural gas hydrate.
【学位授予单位】:东北石油大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:TE88
,
本文编号:2301342
[Abstract]:It is easy to form gas hydrate to block the pipeline, equipment and even cause explosion in the process of transportation and treatment of natural gas in pipeline, damage to personal safety and interests of the enterprise in varying degrees. In this paper, the structure of natural gas hydrate is introduced, and the formation of gas hydrate affects the actual production. Then, the empirical graphic method of hydrate pressure and temperature prediction and the calculation method of phase equilibrium are compared and analyzed. Combined with actual production, the conditions for hydrate formation, pressure and temperature are put forward. These two factors play a decisive role in the formation of natural gas hydrate, and through the experiment of hydrate formation and decomposition law, according to the graphic method and observation method, and recorded the pressure, temperature, time data, The effects of pressure rise and temperature decrease on hydrate formation were verified. Finally, according to the natural formation conditions, the specific measures to prevent hydrate formation are put forward, which are to increase the flow temperature of natural gas, reduce the pressure, dry the gas, and add inhibitors to increase the flow temperature of natural gas. The two methods of reducing pressure are used in some production conditions, but the adding of inhibitor method, through the observation of production practice, shows that adding methanol inhibitor can decompose the hydrate and prevent the formation of natural gas hydrate effectively. Avoid the freezing of the pipeline, the effect is good. The feasibility of methanol inhibitor has been applied and verified in production practice. This study is of great practical significance for the prevention and control of natural gas hydrate.
【学位授予单位】:东北石油大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:TE88
,
本文编号:2301342
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