海洋平台原型监测与系泊结构模态分析
发布时间：2018-11-03 08:34
【摘要】：海洋平台作为海上石油开采和相关工作人员生产生活的场所,对开采作业顺利进行,确保工作人员的人身安全起着关键作用。海洋平台是大型的海洋工程结构,所处的环境极其复杂,对海洋平台的研究多通过理论分析、实验室模型试验和数值计算来展开,在这些研究中,结构的外部荷载都是可控的,实施起来较为容易,但是也会与现实的情况有所偏差,得到的结果并以一定能与现实情况很好地吻合。通过对海洋平台原型测量,实现实时的现场监测,获得第一手的原型监测数据对海洋平台的相关研究和设计评价有着重要意义。为了适应不同的海洋环境已经有多种型号的海洋平台被设计出来,本文针对其中的两种类型平台的不同结构,研究了适用于它们的不同的原型监测技术,并设计出了不同的现场监测方案,开发了配套的实时监测系统,获得了有关海洋平台结构、姿态和所处环境的长期的现场监测数据,验证了这些原型测量技术的可实施性和有效性。本文以渤海某型FPSO平台的长期现场监测数据为基础,分段提取了FPSO的运动姿态和环境荷载等时间序列的多个统计量,给出了不同监测量在时域或频域上的统计特征和分布。通过对统计结果的进一步分析,发现了FPSO运动的周期性规律和环境荷载的一些分布特征,以及FPSO软刚臂系泊系统运动的周期性和对称性,并初步揭示了相对风向和FPSO艏向变化之间的关系。系泊系统作为海洋平台的定位装置对限制海洋平台的运动范围,确保海洋平台的安全生产有着重要意义,本文针对海洋平台结构监测中数据的非平稳性,提出一种基于非平稳响应数据构造结构自由响应信号的方法。该方法以单边滑动平均为基础将多自由度结构动力方程中的荷载和响应数据平稳化,分析了各阶滑动平均的频谱特征,研究了其阶数g=1(即差分)和g1的滤波效果,并应用随机减量技术构造出结构的自由振动方程。通过对二阶线性系统仿真模型的识别,给出了各种情况下所识别的模态参数与理论值的比较,说明这种方法用于非平稳响应数据的分析具有很好的效果。最后,将该方法应用在海洋平台FPSO单点系泊结构监测数据的模态识别中,分析了在不同时间段的单点系泊系统模态的分布情况,并对比分析了不同g识别出来的模态参数。
[Abstract]:The offshore platform, as a place for the production and living of offshore oil exploration and related staff, plays a key role in the smooth progress of the mining operation and in ensuring the personal safety of the staff. The offshore platform is a large offshore engineering structure, and its environment is extremely complex. The research on the offshore platform is carried out through theoretical analysis, laboratory model test and numerical calculation. In these studies, the external load of the structure is controllable. It is easy to carry out, but it will deviate from the actual situation, and the result is sure to be in good agreement with the reality. It is of great significance for the research and design evaluation of offshore platform to obtain the first-hand prototype monitoring data by measuring the prototype of the offshore platform and realizing the real-time on-site monitoring. In order to adapt to different marine environment, many kinds of offshore platforms have been designed. Different on-site monitoring schemes are designed, and a matching real-time monitoring system is developed. The long-term monitoring data about the structure, attitude and environment of the offshore platform are obtained. The feasibility and effectiveness of these prototype measurement techniques are verified. Based on the long-term field monitoring data of a certain FPSO platform in Bohai Sea, this paper extracts several statistics of time series such as motion attitude and environmental load of FPSO, and gives the statistical characteristics and distribution of different monitoring quantities in time domain or frequency domain. Through the further analysis of the statistical results, the periodicity of FPSO motion and some distribution characteristics of environmental load, as well as the periodicity and symmetry of FPSO soft rigid arm mooring system are found. The relationship between relative wind direction and FPSO heading change is also revealed. As the positioning device of offshore platform, mooring system plays an important role in limiting the moving range of offshore platform and ensuring the safe production of offshore platform. This paper aims at the non-stationarity of data in offshore platform structure monitoring. This paper presents a method of constructing structural free response signals based on nonstationary response data. In this method, the load and response data in the dynamic equations of multi-degree-of-freedom structures are stabilized on the basis of one-sided moving average. The spectral characteristics of each order moving average are analyzed, and the filtering effects of the order gn1 (difference) and G1 are studied. The free vibration equation of the structure is constructed by using the random decrement technique. Through the recognition of the simulation model of the second order linear system, the comparison between the modal parameters and the theoretical values is given. It is shown that this method is effective in the analysis of the non-stationary response data. Finally, the method is applied to the modal identification of FPSO single point mooring structure monitoring data of offshore platform. The modal distribution of single point mooring system in different time periods is analyzed, and the modal parameters identified by different g are compared.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE95;TP274
本文编号：2307265
[Abstract]:The offshore platform, as a place for the production and living of offshore oil exploration and related staff, plays a key role in the smooth progress of the mining operation and in ensuring the personal safety of the staff. The offshore platform is a large offshore engineering structure, and its environment is extremely complex. The research on the offshore platform is carried out through theoretical analysis, laboratory model test and numerical calculation. In these studies, the external load of the structure is controllable. It is easy to carry out, but it will deviate from the actual situation, and the result is sure to be in good agreement with the reality. It is of great significance for the research and design evaluation of offshore platform to obtain the first-hand prototype monitoring data by measuring the prototype of the offshore platform and realizing the real-time on-site monitoring. In order to adapt to different marine environment, many kinds of offshore platforms have been designed. Different on-site monitoring schemes are designed, and a matching real-time monitoring system is developed. The long-term monitoring data about the structure, attitude and environment of the offshore platform are obtained. The feasibility and effectiveness of these prototype measurement techniques are verified. Based on the long-term field monitoring data of a certain FPSO platform in Bohai Sea, this paper extracts several statistics of time series such as motion attitude and environmental load of FPSO, and gives the statistical characteristics and distribution of different monitoring quantities in time domain or frequency domain. Through the further analysis of the statistical results, the periodicity of FPSO motion and some distribution characteristics of environmental load, as well as the periodicity and symmetry of FPSO soft rigid arm mooring system are found. The relationship between relative wind direction and FPSO heading change is also revealed. As the positioning device of offshore platform, mooring system plays an important role in limiting the moving range of offshore platform and ensuring the safe production of offshore platform. This paper aims at the non-stationarity of data in offshore platform structure monitoring. This paper presents a method of constructing structural free response signals based on nonstationary response data. In this method, the load and response data in the dynamic equations of multi-degree-of-freedom structures are stabilized on the basis of one-sided moving average. The spectral characteristics of each order moving average are analyzed, and the filtering effects of the order gn1 (difference) and G1 are studied. The free vibration equation of the structure is constructed by using the random decrement technique. Through the recognition of the simulation model of the second order linear system, the comparison between the modal parameters and the theoretical values is given. It is shown that this method is effective in the analysis of the non-stationary response data. Finally, the method is applied to the modal identification of FPSO single point mooring structure monitoring data of offshore platform. The modal distribution of single point mooring system in different time periods is analyzed, and the modal parameters identified by different g are compared.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE95;TP274
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