井底压力条件下单齿冲击破岩实验研究
发布时间：2018-11-03 16:28
【摘要】：深部地层钻井提速是制约深部油气资源勘探开发的主要技术瓶颈之一。近年来,以空气锤、扭力冲击器、液动冲击器等为代表的动-静耦合冲击破岩工具在深井钻井提速技术上已经展现出显著的技术优势。但是,岩石作为一种应变率敏感材料,在深部复杂地应力环境下受高应变率冲击载荷作用后,其破坏行为是十分复杂的。因此,有必要对动-静耦合冲击破岩工具在深部地层的破岩机理进行深入研究,为改善破岩技术、寻求高效破岩新方法提供理论支撑。 本论文以四川须家河组致密砂岩作为研究对象,以静态岩石力学实验、SHPB动态岩石力学实验以及ANSYS-AUTODYN非线性显式动力学仿真为研究手段,对模拟井下单齿冲击破岩后岩石破碎特征、能量转换和耗散规律、裂纹扩展情况等进行了系统地研究,形成了适用于致密砂岩动-静耦合冲击破岩方式的岩石破碎特征定量评价方法。本论文完成的主要研究内容如下： (1)通过静态岩石力学实验和SHPB动态岩石力学实验,获得了Johnson-Holmquist损伤本构模型全部参数,奠定了致密砂岩作为非线性显式动力学仿真材料的实验基础。 (2)利用改进SHPB装置,完成了常规单齿冲击破岩实验,基于分形理论对动-静耦合冲击载荷作用下的岩石破碎特征进行了分析,并基于弹性力学理论探讨了岩石破碎的能量转换和耗散理论模型,为后期仿真实验数据处理奠定了理论基础。 (3)利用ANSYS-AUTODYN线性显式动力学软件对SHPB动态岩石力学实验进行了仿真,验证和优化了损伤本构模型参数,同时完成了高围压Johnson-Holmquist下岩石动态力学性能参数仿真研究,建立了动静态岩石力学特征参数的声波测井解释统计模型。(4)利用／ 非线性显式动力学软件,对模拟井底压力下单齿动-ANSYS-AUTODYN静耦合冲击破岩进行了仿真研究,重点分析了单齿冲击速度、井底围压、井筒液柱压力以及压入静载对岩石裂纹扩展、破碎坑体积、破碎比能以及能量转换与耗散规律的影响。通过本论文研究,为致密砂岩层动-静耦合冲击破岩机理研究奠定了实验基础,为 改善和优化深井高效破岩方法提供了理论支撑。
[Abstract]:Increasing drilling speed in deep formation is one of the main technical bottlenecks restricting the exploration and development of deep oil and gas resources. In recent years, air-hammer, torsional impactor, hydraulic impactor and so on have shown remarkable technical advantages in deep well drilling speed raising technology. However, as a strain rate-sensitive material, the failure behavior of rock is very complicated when it is subjected to high strain rate impact loading under the complex in-situ stress environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the rock breaking mechanism of dynamic and static coupling impact rock breaking tools in deep strata in order to provide theoretical support for improving rock breaking technology and seeking new methods of high efficiency rock breaking. In this paper, the dense sandstone of Xujiahe formation in Sichuan Province is taken as the research object, the static rock mechanics experiment, the SHPB dynamic rock mechanics experiment and the ANSYS-AUTODYN nonlinear explicit dynamic simulation are taken as the research means. The characteristics of rock breakage, energy conversion and dissipation, crack propagation and so on are systematically studied in this paper. A quantitative evaluation method of rock breakage characteristics is developed, which is suitable for dynamic and static coupling rock breaking of tight sandstone. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) through static rock mechanics experiment and SHPB dynamic rock mechanics experiment, all parameters of Johnson-Holmquist damage constitutive model are obtained. The experimental foundation of dense sandstone as nonlinear explicit dynamic simulation material is established. (2) by using the improved SHPB device, the rock breakage characteristics of rock under dynamic and static coupling impact loads are analyzed based on fractal theory. Based on the elastic theory, the energy conversion and dissipation model of rock breakage is discussed, which lays a theoretical foundation for the later simulation experiment data processing. (3) the dynamic rock mechanics experiments of SHPB are simulated by ANSYS-AUTODYN linear explicit dynamics software, and the damage constitutive model parameters are verified and optimized. At the same time, the dynamic mechanical properties of rock under high confining pressure Johnson-Holmquist are simulated. A statistical model of acoustic logging interpretation of dynamic and static rock mechanical characteristic parameters is established. (4) the simulation of rock burst by simulating the bottom hole pressure sending out order tooth movement and ANSYS-AUTODYN static coupling impact is carried out by using / nonlinear explicit dynamic software. The effects of single tooth impact velocity, bottom hole confining pressure, wellbore fluid column pressure and static loading on crack propagation, crashing pit volume, crushing specific energy, energy conversion and dissipation are analyzed. Through the research in this paper, the experimental foundation is established for the study of dynamic and static coupling rock breaking mechanism of tight sandstone layers, and the theoretical support is provided for improving and optimizing the high efficiency rock breaking method in deep wells.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE21
本文编号：2308314
[Abstract]:Increasing drilling speed in deep formation is one of the main technical bottlenecks restricting the exploration and development of deep oil and gas resources. In recent years, air-hammer, torsional impactor, hydraulic impactor and so on have shown remarkable technical advantages in deep well drilling speed raising technology. However, as a strain rate-sensitive material, the failure behavior of rock is very complicated when it is subjected to high strain rate impact loading under the complex in-situ stress environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the rock breaking mechanism of dynamic and static coupling impact rock breaking tools in deep strata in order to provide theoretical support for improving rock breaking technology and seeking new methods of high efficiency rock breaking. In this paper, the dense sandstone of Xujiahe formation in Sichuan Province is taken as the research object, the static rock mechanics experiment, the SHPB dynamic rock mechanics experiment and the ANSYS-AUTODYN nonlinear explicit dynamic simulation are taken as the research means. The characteristics of rock breakage, energy conversion and dissipation, crack propagation and so on are systematically studied in this paper. A quantitative evaluation method of rock breakage characteristics is developed, which is suitable for dynamic and static coupling rock breaking of tight sandstone. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) through static rock mechanics experiment and SHPB dynamic rock mechanics experiment, all parameters of Johnson-Holmquist damage constitutive model are obtained. The experimental foundation of dense sandstone as nonlinear explicit dynamic simulation material is established. (2) by using the improved SHPB device, the rock breakage characteristics of rock under dynamic and static coupling impact loads are analyzed based on fractal theory. Based on the elastic theory, the energy conversion and dissipation model of rock breakage is discussed, which lays a theoretical foundation for the later simulation experiment data processing. (3) the dynamic rock mechanics experiments of SHPB are simulated by ANSYS-AUTODYN linear explicit dynamics software, and the damage constitutive model parameters are verified and optimized. At the same time, the dynamic mechanical properties of rock under high confining pressure Johnson-Holmquist are simulated. A statistical model of acoustic logging interpretation of dynamic and static rock mechanical characteristic parameters is established. (4) the simulation of rock burst by simulating the bottom hole pressure sending out order tooth movement and ANSYS-AUTODYN static coupling impact is carried out by using / nonlinear explicit dynamic software. The effects of single tooth impact velocity, bottom hole confining pressure, wellbore fluid column pressure and static loading on crack propagation, crashing pit volume, crushing specific energy, energy conversion and dissipation are analyzed. Through the research in this paper, the experimental foundation is established for the study of dynamic and static coupling rock breaking mechanism of tight sandstone layers, and the theoretical support is provided for improving and optimizing the high efficiency rock breaking method in deep wells.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE21
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