低渗透分段压裂完井主体管柱研究

发布时间：2018-11-05 13:01

【摘要】：水平井中采用各种串连在一起的连接部件,组成的主体管柱是井层压裂输油主要方式,此方式可以促进产能提升,针对低渗透油层的产能开发、旧井改造更是至关重要。在压裂改造完井过程中科学合理的配置管柱部件能在较短的时限内统一完成不同井层的施工作业,完成储层合流集输。因此管柱是水平分段压裂的重要工艺流程组成部件,水平井分段压裂工艺的采用需要注意对油段的破坏值降到最低点。90年代中后期开始,国内外水平井分段压裂种类包含如下：连续油管分层压裂技术、水平井裸眼分段压裂(包括酸压)技术、水压射流技术等。针对低渗油层的开发来看,水平井其天然压值产量较差,油田筛管完井的方式切占有相当大的比列,多数为长距离深储层的段位,但其分段压裂效能预期值相差甚远,因此水平井生产后的产值偏差成为矿区日益凸显的问题,并且离完成经济效益有一段距离。地层岩石及压力的分布不均和段位距离过长,成为生产中限制低渗透水平井放开实施部署的主要制约因素。所以,水平井分段压裂管柱的研发配装凸显出非常重要的经济价值。文章介绍分析了相关国内外水平压裂完井方式的各种做法,并对其中的方式加以借鉴参考,最终研究定型完成J’主体管柱部件的串装设计方案：前期生产工作使用螺旋整形器对裸眼储层壁道修整,达到压裂完井串柱部件的下入条件,紧接采用配套设计部件投放到生产施工管柱中,下放尾部循环清洗控制件后开始加压,达到悬挂装置的阻隔及完成裸眼封隔装置第一次阻隔,参考悬挂装置运行规范,实现装置的丢手,操作中提升悬挂装置上部整体油管；投放对接压裂管具,使其管具接头连接到顶部悬挂芯柱部件后,开始管具注压,启动串连在主管柱中的压差滑套部件,实现裸眼封隔装置第二次阻隔,运行完成初级生产改造压裂工序后,依据压裂施工生产计划进行不同径值堵球的投放生产及改造；待所有工艺流程进行后,不同径值封球依靠压差反流浮出井筒,根据生产节点投放输油管具汇流输出集运。文章研究分析了水平井分段压裂管柱串连布局构造设计、裸眼封隔装置的阻隔胶体机理研究配比,并且根据主体串连部件的结构形式进行了深入的分析验证,进行多各部件的场地测试,研究确立了串连坐封装置、尾管悬挂装置、裸眼封隔装置、压差式滑套、尾部循环清洗控制件等部件配装的水平井分段压裂主体完井管柱。此次研究设计定型的着重点是阻隔胶体机理研究配比。并且能够使串连柱定型投产,能够在储层中顺利增产,研究提升了管柱的可靠操作和机械性能,悬挂装置、砂孔、多级滑套等装置的各项指标达到预期要求,为主体管柱的投产作好保障。
[Abstract]:All kinds of connecting parts are used in horizontal wells, and the main pipe string is the main way of fracturing and transporting oil in well layers, which can promote productivity improvement. For the productivity development of low permeability reservoirs, it is very important to rebuild old wells. In the process of fracturing and completion, the scientific and reasonable allocation of tubing string components can complete the operation of different well layers in a relatively short time limit, and complete reservoir confluence gathering and transportation. Therefore, pipe string is an important component of horizontal fracturing process, the use of horizontal well fracturing technology needs to pay attention to the failure value of oil section to the lowest point. The types of fracturing in horizontal wells at home and abroad are as follows: continuous tubing fracturing technology, open hole fracturing (including acid fracturing) technology, hydraulic jet technology and so on. In view of the development of low permeability reservoir, the natural pressure value of horizontal well is poor, the cut of sieve pipe completion in oil field occupies a large ratio, and most of them are long distance deep reservoir, but the expected value of fracturing efficiency is very far away. Therefore, the deviation of output value after horizontal well production has become an increasingly prominent problem in mining area, and there is a distance from the completion of economic benefits. The uneven distribution of formation rock and pressure and the long interval distance have become the main restricting factors for limiting the release and deployment of low permeability horizontal wells in production. Therefore, the development and installation of fracturing string in horizontal wells highlights the very important economic value. This paper introduces and analyzes the methods of horizontal fracturing and completion at home and abroad, and gives some references to the methods. Finally, the design scheme of J'main string parts is studied: in the early stage of production, the wall track of open hole reservoir is repaired with screw shaper, and the down-entry condition of fracturing and completion string parts is achieved. Immediately after putting the matching design components into the production and construction string, the rear end circulation cleaning control parts are lowered and pressurized to achieve the suspension barrier and complete the first barrier of the naked eye sealing device, with reference to the operating specification of the suspension device, The device can lose hands and lift the whole oil pipe of the upper part of the suspension device in operation. After putting in the butt fracturing pipe to connect the pipe joint to the top hanging core column component, start the injection pressure of the pipe, start the pressure-differential slip sleeve parts connected in the main post, and realize the second barrier of the naked eye sealing device. After finishing the fracturing process of primary production reconstruction, according to the production plan of fracturing operation, put into production and reconstruct the ball with different diameter values; After all the technological processes have been carried out, the ball sealing with different diameter values emerges from the wellbore on the basis of differential pressure reverse flow, and the confluence output is collected according to the production node. This paper studies and analyzes the structure design of serial arrangement of fracturing pipe string in horizontal wells, and the proportion of barrier colloid mechanism of open hole sealing device, and makes in-depth analysis and verification according to the structural form of the main parts connected in series. The site test of many parts was carried out, and the main fracturing pipe string of horizontal well was studied and established, such as serial sitting seal device, tail pipe suspension device, open hole sealing device, pressure differential sliding sleeve, tail circulation cleaning control piece and so on. The focus of the design is to block the mechanism of colloid matching. And it can make the series-connected column type put into production, can increase production smoothly in the reservoir, study and enhance the reliable operation and mechanical properties of the pipe string, suspension device, sand hole, multi-stage sliding sleeve and other devices to meet the expected requirements. For the main string of the production of a good guarantee.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE925.3

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