微地震监测裂缝反演方法研究

发布时间：2018-11-08 11:34

【摘要】：在油气田的开发过程中,水力压裂是一项重要的增产增注措施。水力压裂所产生的裂缝形态是影响压裂施工成功率和油气井增产改造效果的重要因素。与常规的水力压裂监测技术(倾斜测量监测技术、井温测量监测技术、放射性测量监测技术、电位法监测技术)相比,微地震监测技术能够检测裂缝的长度、高度和方位角等裂缝形态参数,而且具有经济、实施简单的特点,因此微地震监测技术成为近年来迅速发展起来的新技术。在先前的微地震定位相关研究之中,都没有涉及到深井、多岩性地层中微地震传播速度不同这一问题,导致微地震监测技术在深井、多岩性层地层中的应用受到了限制。本文针对该问题开展了研究,在调研近年来微地震监测技术发展状况的基础上,分析了微地震裂缝监测基本原理,主要涉及到了有声发射学、摩尔-库伦理论、断裂力学准则等;考虑微地震波在不同岩性地层中传播速度不同这一特点,建立了微地震波在深井和多地层中传播的震源定位数学模型,利用迭代的方法对数学模型进行求解,并应用计算机编程语言(VB.netMatlab)编写了微地震解释软件,软件具有对裂缝进行三维形态模拟、对结果进行二维和三维显示的特点;应用研究成果研究了不同速度和不同的分层方案对微地震解释结果的影响规律,结合现场实例井,对不同类型压裂井(多层垂直井、水平井多段压裂、注水井的水驱前缘等)微地震监测数据进行反演计算分析,解释结果与压裂设计结果取得了很好一致性,证明了该模型的可靠性,同时也为现场的压裂设计和施工措施的改进提供了参考依据。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic fracturing is an important measure for increasing production and injection during the development of oil and gas fields. The fracture form produced by hydraulic fracturing is an important factor that affects the success rate of fracturing and the effect of oil and gas well stimulation. Compared with conventional hydraulic fracturing monitoring techniques, such as tilt measurement, well temperature monitoring, radioactivity measurement and potential monitoring, microseismic monitoring technology can detect fracture length. Because the fracture shape parameters such as height and azimuth are economical and simple to implement the micro-seismic monitoring technology has been developed rapidly in recent years. In the previous research on microseismic location, the problem of microseismic propagation velocity in multi-lithologic strata is different, so the application of micro-seismic monitoring technology in deep wells and multi-lithologic strata is limited. Based on the investigation of the development of micro-seismic monitoring technology in recent years, the basic principle of micro-seismic crack monitoring is analyzed, which involves acoustic emission theory, Moor-Coulomb theory. Fracture mechanics criterion; Considering the different propagation velocity of microseismic wave in different lithologic strata, a focal location mathematical model of microseismic wave propagation in deep well and multi-stratum is established, and the mathematical model is solved by iterative method. The micro-seismic interpretation software is compiled by using computer programming language (VB.netMatlab). The software has the characteristics of 3D shape simulation of fractures and 2D and 3D display of the results. The effects of different velocity and different layering schemes on the interpretation results of microseismic are studied by applying the research results. Combined with field example wells, different fracturing wells (multi-layer vertical wells, horizontal wells, multi-section fracturing wells) are used. The inversion calculation and analysis of the microseismic monitoring data of water flooding wells show that the interpretation results are in good agreement with the fracturing design results, and the reliability of the model is proved. At the same time, it also provides the reference for the field fracturing design and the improvement of operation measures.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357.1

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