微生物代谢作用对油藏物性和流体性质的影响
发布时间：2018-11-15 22:50
【摘要】：微生物驱油是利用微生物及其代谢产物对油藏进行作用从而提高原油采收率的原理与技术。微生物采油作为强化采油的一种新技术,是通过提供的有关细菌采油的内容和观点而导致出一种实用的微生物方法。微生物提高采收率法采油的概念是由Beckman首次提出的,直到20世纪50年代才由Zobell等开始对这一概念进行积极地研究。经过多年的研究,认为利用微生物采油的机理主要是靠微生物产生的代谢物:气体、表面活性剂、生物聚合物、有机酸、溶剂和微生物裂解重质烃类石蜡。从1980年实验室进行的微生物驱油效果评价到现在国际上的现场应用,微生物提高采收率技术在不断的进步。微生物采油技术具有驱油机理独特、操作流程简单、对地层和环境无伤害的特性以及可以根据地层环境灵活调整菌种和营养液的优势,特别是对经济效益较差的油井,具有非常明显的延长油井经济寿命的作用。但是就微生物的生物特性而言还存在一定的不足,因此,在以后的生产实践和理论研究中应不断完善该技术,争取最大化的发挥微生物采油技术在提高原油采收率方面的作用。油藏是指原油在单一圈闭中具有同一压力系统的基本聚集,是由液相流体和固相岩石形成的多界面渗流系统。油藏物性条件和流体性质是影响微生物驱油技术实施效果的关键因素,因此本文针对油藏物性条件和流体性质,研究微生物的代谢作用对油藏岩石界面以及对储层流体性质的影响。首先通过室内微生物菌种筛选与评价,优选出了产表面活性剂菌bnsp-3,之后利用接触角测定仪测量不同浓度菌液中岩心样品润湿角的改变,研究微生物代谢作用对岩石表面性质的影响,最后通过微生物对原油的降解以及微生物产酸产气等作用效果,研究微生物代谢对流体性质的影响。实验结果表明,微生物代谢作用能够使岩心样品表面的接触角减小,润湿角最小可达到40.1o,使其润湿性由亲油反转到亲水;微生物对原油的降粘作用主要是其代谢产物的贡献,同时细菌体对代谢产物具有协同降粘作用;微生物代谢作用明显增加流体中的挥发性脂肪酸的含量,最高可达2816mg/L,使得流体的pH值降低到4.3。研究结果初步揭示了微生物代谢作用对油藏物性和流体性质的影响,对促进微生物采油技术的发展具有重要的理论和实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:Microbial oil displacement is the principle and technology of improving oil recovery by using microorganism and its metabolites. Microbial oil recovery, as a new technology for enhanced oil recovery, leads to a practical microbial method by providing the contents and viewpoints of bacterial oil recovery. The concept of microbial enhanced oil recovery was first proposed by Beckman, and it was not until the 1950s that the concept was actively studied by Zobell et al. After many years of research, it is considered that the mechanism of microbial oil recovery is mainly the metabolites produced by microorganisms: gases, surfactants, biopolymers, organic acids, solvents and microorganism pyrolysis of heavy hydrocarbon paraffins. From the evaluation of microbial oil displacement effect in 1980 to the field application in the world, the technology of microbial oil recovery enhancement has been continuously improved. Microbial oil recovery technology has the advantages of unique oil displacement mechanism, simple operation process, no damage to formation and environment, and the advantages of flexible adjustment of bacteria and nutrient solution according to formation environment, especially for wells with poor economic benefits. The utility model has a very obvious effect on prolonging the economic life of oil wells. However, there are still some deficiencies in the biological characteristics of microorganisms. Therefore, in the future production practice and theoretical research, we should constantly improve the technology, and strive to maximize the role of microbial oil recovery technology in improving oil recovery. Oil reservoir is the basic accumulation of crude oil with the same pressure system in a single trap. It is a multi-interface percolation system formed by liquid fluid and solid rock. Reservoir physical properties and fluid properties are the key factors that affect the effect of microbial oil displacement technology, so this paper aims at reservoir physical properties and fluid properties. The effects of microbial metabolism on reservoir rock interface and reservoir fluid properties were studied. Firstly, through the screening and evaluation of microorganism species in laboratory, the surfactant producing bacteria (bnsp-3,) were selected, and the wetting angle of core samples in different concentrations was measured by contact angle analyzer. The effects of microbial metabolism on rock surface properties were studied. Finally, the effects of microbial metabolism on fluid properties were studied through the effects of microbial degradation of crude oil and microbial acid and gas production. The results show that the microorganism metabolism can reduce the contact angle of core surface and the wetting angle can reach 40.1 o.The wettability of the sample can be reversed from oil to hydrophilic. Microbial viscosity reduction on crude oil is mainly due to the contribution of its metabolites, at the same time, bacteria have synergistic viscosity reduction effect on the metabolites. Microbial metabolism significantly increased the content of volatile fatty acids in the fluid, reaching a maximum of 2816 mg / L, which reduced the pH value of the fluid to 4.3. The results reveal the effect of microbial metabolism on reservoir physical properties and fluid properties, and have important theoretical and practical value in promoting the development of microbial oil recovery technology.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE357.9
，
本文编号：2334636
[Abstract]:Microbial oil displacement is the principle and technology of improving oil recovery by using microorganism and its metabolites. Microbial oil recovery, as a new technology for enhanced oil recovery, leads to a practical microbial method by providing the contents and viewpoints of bacterial oil recovery. The concept of microbial enhanced oil recovery was first proposed by Beckman, and it was not until the 1950s that the concept was actively studied by Zobell et al. After many years of research, it is considered that the mechanism of microbial oil recovery is mainly the metabolites produced by microorganisms: gases, surfactants, biopolymers, organic acids, solvents and microorganism pyrolysis of heavy hydrocarbon paraffins. From the evaluation of microbial oil displacement effect in 1980 to the field application in the world, the technology of microbial oil recovery enhancement has been continuously improved. Microbial oil recovery technology has the advantages of unique oil displacement mechanism, simple operation process, no damage to formation and environment, and the advantages of flexible adjustment of bacteria and nutrient solution according to formation environment, especially for wells with poor economic benefits. The utility model has a very obvious effect on prolonging the economic life of oil wells. However, there are still some deficiencies in the biological characteristics of microorganisms. Therefore, in the future production practice and theoretical research, we should constantly improve the technology, and strive to maximize the role of microbial oil recovery technology in improving oil recovery. Oil reservoir is the basic accumulation of crude oil with the same pressure system in a single trap. It is a multi-interface percolation system formed by liquid fluid and solid rock. Reservoir physical properties and fluid properties are the key factors that affect the effect of microbial oil displacement technology, so this paper aims at reservoir physical properties and fluid properties. The effects of microbial metabolism on reservoir rock interface and reservoir fluid properties were studied. Firstly, through the screening and evaluation of microorganism species in laboratory, the surfactant producing bacteria (bnsp-3,) were selected, and the wetting angle of core samples in different concentrations was measured by contact angle analyzer. The effects of microbial metabolism on rock surface properties were studied. Finally, the effects of microbial metabolism on fluid properties were studied through the effects of microbial degradation of crude oil and microbial acid and gas production. The results show that the microorganism metabolism can reduce the contact angle of core surface and the wetting angle can reach 40.1 o.The wettability of the sample can be reversed from oil to hydrophilic. Microbial viscosity reduction on crude oil is mainly due to the contribution of its metabolites, at the same time, bacteria have synergistic viscosity reduction effect on the metabolites. Microbial metabolism significantly increased the content of volatile fatty acids in the fluid, reaching a maximum of 2816 mg / L, which reduced the pH value of the fluid to 4.3. The results reveal the effect of microbial metabolism on reservoir physical properties and fluid properties, and have important theoretical and practical value in promoting the development of microbial oil recovery technology.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE357.9
，
本文编号：2334636
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/shiyounenyuanlunwen/2334636.html
