地质导向井眼轨迹随钻预测技术及应用研究

发布时间：2018-11-16 13:45

【摘要】：LWD地质导向钻井就是根据随钻测量仪器提供的井下实时地质信息和定向数据,辨明所钻遇的地质环境并预报将要钻遇的地下情况,引导钻头进入油层并保证井眼轨迹在产层中延伸。该技术把钻井技术、测井技术和油藏工程技术融合为一体,大大提高了对所钻地层地质构造、储层特性的判断精度以及钻头在储层内钻进时井眼轨迹的控制能力,对于提高油层钻遇率、油气采收率具有重要作用,在增储上产、节约钻井成本方面经济效益巨大。本文首先利用纵横弯曲法对下部钻具组合进行力学计算,并结合实钻资料统计分析辽河油田常用钻具组合造斜率影响规律;然后采用多元回归方法建立常用钻具组合造斜率预测模型,以提高钻具组合造斜率预测精确;在此基础上,建立基于地质导向钻井井眼轨迹预测模型,给出了针对不同钻进方式选择合适的预测模型,并开发井眼轨迹预测与控制应用系统。利用这些模型及系统软件对辽河油田地区实钻数据进行计算,对预测结果给予分析,通过预测结果连同井眼轨道随钻监测与诊断技术,指导地质导向钻井,实现井眼轨道的预测与控制。通过早些特征影响因素分析认为,井眼扩大率会影响BHA的造斜能力大小,地层倾角和倾向会改变BHA的增斜或降斜效果,螺杆钻具结构弯角大小在滑动钻进工况和旋转钻井工况时造斜效果不同;在此基础上,结合实钻资料,建立了多元线型回归修正计算模型,提高了工具造斜率预测精度,能够准确预测辽河油田常用螺杆钻具组合造斜率,误差分析结果基本保持在5%以内;并根据薄油层水平井的特点,对比分析以不同井斜角探油顶的着陆方案,提出86°左右为最佳着陆井斜角;最后,将井眼轨迹预测技术应用于辽河油田实际,在使用LWD地质导向技术的沈25-6井中,通过井眼轨迹实时预测与控制、着陆方案的调整;并结合综合录井,及时分析对比,准确探到目的层,并使轨迹始终保持在目的层中穿行。全井井眼轨迹预测与实钻吻合度高,设计水平段长145.62m,实际水平穿行118m,油层钻遇率100%,取得了良好的应用效果。
[Abstract]:LWD geological guided drilling is to identify the geological environment and forecast the underground conditions which will be drilled according to the downhole real-time geological information and directional data provided by the measuring instrument while drilling. Guide the bit into the reservoir and ensure that the wellbore trajectory extends in the production zone. This technology integrates drilling technology, logging technology and reservoir engineering technology, and greatly improves the accuracy of determining the formation geological structure, reservoir characteristics and the control ability of borehole trajectory when the bit is drilling in the reservoir. Oil and gas recovery plays an important role in increasing drilling rate of reservoir and saving drilling cost. In this paper, the method of longitudinal and transverse bending is first used to calculate the lower part of the drilling tool combination, and the influence law of the common drilling tool combination slope is analyzed in Liaohe Oilfield with the statistical analysis of the real drilling data. Then the multiple regression method is used to establish the prediction model of commonly used drilling tool combination slope making rate to improve the accuracy of the drilling tool combination slope making rate prediction. On the basis of this, the prediction model of borehole trajectory based on geological guidance drilling is established, and the suitable prediction model for different drilling modes is given, and the application system of borehole trajectory prediction and control is developed. These models and system software are used to calculate the real drilling data in Liaohe Oilfield area, and the prediction results are analyzed. Through the prediction results and hole track while drilling monitoring and diagnosis technology, the geological guided drilling is guided. The prediction and control of borehole trajectory are realized. Based on the analysis of the influence factors of earlier characteristics, it is concluded that the hole expansion rate will affect the diagonal ability of BHA, and the inclination and inclination of formation will change the effect of increasing or decreasing deviation of BHA. The angle of screw drill structure is different in sliding drilling and rotary drilling. On this basis, combined with the real drilling data, a multivariate linear regression correction calculation model is established, which improves the accuracy of tool slope prediction, and can accurately predict the slope rate of screw drill tool combination in Liaohe Oilfield. The result of error analysis is kept within 5%. According to the characteristics of horizontal wells in thin reservoir, the landing scheme of oil cap with different inclined angles is compared and analyzed, and the optimum angle of landing well is proposed about 86 掳. Finally, the borehole trajectory prediction technology is applied to Liaohe Oilfield. In the Shen25-6 well using LWD geological guidance technology, through the real-time prediction and control of borehole trajectory, the landing scheme is adjusted. Combined with comprehensive logging, timely analysis and contrast, accurate detection of the target layer, and keep the track in the target layer. The prediction of borehole trajectory is in good agreement with actual drilling. The design horizontal section is 145.62mlong, the actual horizontal passage is 118m, and the drilling rate is 100. Good application results have been obtained.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE242

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