注空气重力稳定驱替机理与油藏模拟研究
发布时间：2018-11-18 13:06
【摘要】：注气(空气、N2、CO2等)是低渗油藏提高采收率的有效方法。空气驱油技术具有来源广、成本低和氧化反应的热效应等特点,具有一定的优势。尤其是对于倾角较大和油层较厚的低渗透区块,高压注空气非混相重力稳定驱工艺具有很大的优越性。本文结合辽河油田齐131区块油藏条件,建立了空气驱油藏数值模拟概念模型进行空气驱机理研究。模拟结果表明:原油的低温氧化反应能有效地消耗氧气,并放出热量,使油藏温度升高。气驱是注空气提高原油采收率最主要的作用,其次是热效应。注入气体的溶胀作用有利于提高原油采收率,但贡献不大。重力稳定驱替有利于提高驱油效果,在“高注低采”的格局下,地层倾角越大,重力稳定驱油效果越高。空气驱敏感性分析表明:地层倾角、注气速度和沉积韵律对注空气重力稳定驱油效果影响较大。低速度注气容易稳定气体前缘,降低粘性指进和气窜,提高驱替效率;正韵律地层的注气驱油效果最好。针对齐131区块的实际情况,建立了实际油藏数值模拟模型,并进行历史拟合。通过现场案例分析、油藏数值模拟以及理论计算的方式,论证了目标区块的开发方式。对于齐131油藏,高温氧化不易形成和稳定,在提高原油采收率效果方面与低温氧化相差甚小,“火驱”热贡献的驱油效果不大;并且高温氧化工艺复杂,且需要大排量注气设备,因此针对齐131区块的实际情况,推荐采用低速注气-重力稳定-低温氧化的开发方式。齐131区块注空气重力稳定驱方案设计与优化结果表明:分区高注低采注气井网采收率最高,气体突破时间晚,稳产效果好,并且区块综合含水率最低,是最优的井网形式;单井注气速度为30000m3/d时,能显著的降低含油饱和度、有效地保持油藏压力、补充地层能量,开发效果最好;此外,模拟结果显示,有3口生产井发现有氧气产出,建议在现场实施注空气重力稳定驱时应实时监测氧气浓度,当氧气浓度到达爆炸阈值时,应当采取相应安全措施。
[Abstract]:Gas injection (air, N _ 2 CO _ 2 etc.) is an effective method to improve oil recovery in low permeability reservoirs. Air displacement technology has some advantages, such as wide source, low cost and thermal effect of oxidation reaction. Especially for low permeability blocks with large dip angle and thicker reservoir, the high pressure air injection immiscible gravity stable displacement technology has great superiority. Based on the reservoir conditions of Q131 block in Liaohe Oilfield, a conceptual model of air drive reservoir numerical simulation is established to study the mechanism of air flooding. The simulation results show that the oxidation reaction of crude oil at low temperature can effectively consume oxygen and release heat, thus increasing the reservoir temperature. Gas flooding is the most important role of air injection to improve oil recovery, followed by thermal effect. The swelling effect of injected gas is beneficial to improve oil recovery, but its contribution is not significant. Gravity stable displacement is beneficial to improve the displacement effect. Under the pattern of "high injection and low production", the greater the dip angle, the higher the displacement effect of gravity stability. The sensitivity analysis of air flooding shows that the formation dip angle, gas injection velocity and sedimentary rhythm have great influence on the stable displacement effect of air injection gravity. Low velocity gas injection is easy to stabilize the gas front, reduce viscous fingering and gas channeling, and improve displacement efficiency. According to the actual situation of Q131 block, the numerical simulation model of real reservoir is established, and the historical fitting is carried out. Through field case analysis, reservoir numerical simulation and theoretical calculation, the development mode of target block is demonstrated. For Qi131 reservoir, high temperature oxidation is not easy to be formed and stable, and there is a small difference between high temperature oxidation and low temperature oxidation in improving oil recovery efficiency. The high temperature oxidation process is complex and needs large displacement gas injection equipment. Therefore, the low speed gas injection, gravity stabilization and low temperature oxidation are recommended for the actual situation of Qi131 block. The results of design and optimization of gravity stable displacement scheme for air injection in Q131 block show that the pattern of gas recovery is the highest, the gas breakthrough time is late, the stable production effect is good, and the comprehensive water cut is the lowest in the block, which is the best pattern of well pattern. When the gas injection velocity of single well is 30000m3/d, the oil saturation can be significantly reduced, the reservoir pressure can be effectively maintained, the formation energy can be replenished, and the development effect is the best. In addition, the simulation results show that oxygen output has been found in 3 production wells. It is suggested that the oxygen concentration should be monitored in real time when air injection gravity stable flooding is carried out, and the corresponding safety measures should be taken when the oxygen concentration reaches the explosion threshold.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357.7
本文编号：2340113
[Abstract]:Gas injection (air, N _ 2 CO _ 2 etc.) is an effective method to improve oil recovery in low permeability reservoirs. Air displacement technology has some advantages, such as wide source, low cost and thermal effect of oxidation reaction. Especially for low permeability blocks with large dip angle and thicker reservoir, the high pressure air injection immiscible gravity stable displacement technology has great superiority. Based on the reservoir conditions of Q131 block in Liaohe Oilfield, a conceptual model of air drive reservoir numerical simulation is established to study the mechanism of air flooding. The simulation results show that the oxidation reaction of crude oil at low temperature can effectively consume oxygen and release heat, thus increasing the reservoir temperature. Gas flooding is the most important role of air injection to improve oil recovery, followed by thermal effect. The swelling effect of injected gas is beneficial to improve oil recovery, but its contribution is not significant. Gravity stable displacement is beneficial to improve the displacement effect. Under the pattern of "high injection and low production", the greater the dip angle, the higher the displacement effect of gravity stability. The sensitivity analysis of air flooding shows that the formation dip angle, gas injection velocity and sedimentary rhythm have great influence on the stable displacement effect of air injection gravity. Low velocity gas injection is easy to stabilize the gas front, reduce viscous fingering and gas channeling, and improve displacement efficiency. According to the actual situation of Q131 block, the numerical simulation model of real reservoir is established, and the historical fitting is carried out. Through field case analysis, reservoir numerical simulation and theoretical calculation, the development mode of target block is demonstrated. For Qi131 reservoir, high temperature oxidation is not easy to be formed and stable, and there is a small difference between high temperature oxidation and low temperature oxidation in improving oil recovery efficiency. The high temperature oxidation process is complex and needs large displacement gas injection equipment. Therefore, the low speed gas injection, gravity stabilization and low temperature oxidation are recommended for the actual situation of Qi131 block. The results of design and optimization of gravity stable displacement scheme for air injection in Q131 block show that the pattern of gas recovery is the highest, the gas breakthrough time is late, the stable production effect is good, and the comprehensive water cut is the lowest in the block, which is the best pattern of well pattern. When the gas injection velocity of single well is 30000m3/d, the oil saturation can be significantly reduced, the reservoir pressure can be effectively maintained, the formation energy can be replenished, and the development effect is the best. In addition, the simulation results show that oxygen output has been found in 3 production wells. It is suggested that the oxygen concentration should be monitored in real time when air injection gravity stable flooding is carried out, and the corresponding safety measures should be taken when the oxygen concentration reaches the explosion threshold.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357.7
【引证文献】
相关会议论文 前1条
1 苏帅杰;康万利;任韶然;王延永;崔国栋;张攀锋;彭玺伊;章杨;;低温氧化热效应对空气泡沫流度控制能力的影响研究[A];第十三届全国流变学学术会议论文集[C];2016年
，本文编号：2340113
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