某油田采出水处理装置的研制

发布时间：2018-11-22 14:28

【摘要】：油田采出水是采油生产过程中的有害衍生物之一,随着国内大部分油气田开采进入注水驱油阶段,其注水水源紧张和采出水难处理一直困扰着诸多油田单位。将油井采出水就地处理后直接回注似乎是两全其美的方法,但采出水的处理要求与现今的处理技术和处理手段不匹配是油田单位甚至整个石油行业遇到的一大难题。本文就这一问题,以某油田采出水处理为依托,对采出水处理进行了系统的分析和研究,设计了针对该油田采出水的污水处理装置。并以此为背景,以混凝搅拌试验和搅拌数值仿真为载体进行了混凝搅拌研究,对比分析了方形容器和圆形容器对混凝效果的影响。全文主要内容有： (1)结合该油田采出水分布状况并对庙2集水池水质进行分析,设计了隔油沉降——酸碱中和——混凝反应——氧化反应——物理沉降——板框过滤——多介质过滤——紫外线杀菌——精细过滤的工艺流程,并提出现场建造隔油沉降池、混凝沉降池与移动式撬装化处理装置相组合的水处理构建方式； (2)通过正交混凝搅拌试验分析了混凝工况对混凝效果影响的主次顺序为快搅时间快搅速度慢搅时间慢搅速度。 (3)比较了相同条件下,方形容器和圆形容器对混凝搅拌效果的影响,试验结果表明方形容器的混凝搅拌效果要优于圆形容器的混凝搅拌效果；数值模拟结果也显示,方形容器的速度场、紊动能场和有效能耗场分布均要更均衡,这种更加均衡的分布特征使混凝搅拌中紊流涡旋尺度范围更广、涡旋分布更均衡,由此使得方形容器混凝效果要更为优异； (4)根据处理要求,对混凝沉降池进行了结构设计,并提出了紊动射流的加药方式,增大了快搅混凝池的紊动程度,可提高混凝效果； (5)对各处理设备进行了计算选型和一体化撬装设计,并在现场进行了系统调试,调试结果表明各处理设备工作正常,能够达到预期处理要求。
[Abstract]:Oilfield produced water is one of the harmful derivatives in the process of oil production. With the development of most oil and gas fields in China entering the stage of water flooding, the shortage of water source and the difficult treatment of produced water have been puzzling many oil field units. It seems that it is better for both sides to treat the produced water from oil wells on the spot, but the treatment requirement of the produced water does not match with the current treatment technology and treatment means, which is a big problem encountered by the oil field units or even the whole petroleum industry. In this paper, based on the treatment of produced water in an oilfield, the treatment of produced water is systematically analyzed and studied, and the sewage treatment device for the produced water of the oilfield is designed. Based on this background, coagulation agitation experiments and numerical simulation were carried out, and the effects of square container and circular container on coagulation effect were compared and analyzed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) combined with the distribution of produced water in the oilfield, the water quality of Miao No. 2 water pool is analyzed. The process flow of oil separation sedimentation, acid-base neutralization, coagulation reaction, oxidation reaction, physical sedimentation, plate and frame filtration, multi-medium filtration, ultraviolet sterilization and fine filtration was designed, and the construction of oil separation settling tank was put forward. The combination of coagulation settling tank and mobile prying treatment device; (2) the influence of coagulation condition on coagulation effect was analyzed by orthogonal coagulation agitation test. The primary and secondary order of coagulation effect was fast stirring time, fast stirring speed, slow stirring time and slow stirring speed. (3) the effects of square container and circular container on coagulation agitation were compared. The results showed that the effect of square container was better than that of round container. The numerical simulation results also show that the velocity field, turbulent energy field and effective energy consumption field of the square vessel should be more evenly distributed, which makes the turbulent vortex scale range wider and the vortex distribution more balanced in the coagulation agitation. As a result, the coagulation effect of the square container is better. (4) according to the requirement of treatment, the structure of coagulation settling tank is designed, and the method of adding turbulent jet is put forward, which can increase the turbulent degree of agitating tank and improve the coagulation effect. (5) calculation selection and integral prying design of each processing equipment are carried out, and the system is debugged in the field. The debugging results show that the processing equipment works normally and can meet the expected processing requirements.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE934.1

【参考文献】