煤层气常用排采设备故障分析与诊断软件的开发

发布时间：2018-11-23 07:27

【摘要】：本论文是在国家油气重大专项(2011ZX05062-004)和国家自然科学基金(51174224)的资助下完成的。煤层气井的连续、稳定排采是维持其高产、稳产的关键,排采设备的故障和不适应性是影响连续排采的重要因素。本文通过对常见排采设备故障引起的典型的特征分析,建立特征的检测方法,通过聚类对比,对排采设备的故障进行预测,以便对设备预测管理和维护,减少煤层气井的检泵、修泵次数,达到延长排采设备无故障运行周期,提高煤层气井产能的目的。本文主要三抽排采系统和螺杆泵系统进行研究。首先,本文分析研究了煤层气排采工艺对设备的要求,常用排采设备的故障诊断发展现状,常见故障的特征和典型特征的提出方法,给出了煤层气井排采对排采设备的要求与油田排采的不同与特点,总结出其差异性,主要有:排采方式、排采产物等,为煤层气排采设备的故障诊断打下理论基础。接着,对三抽排采设备进行了运动、动力学分析,得出其悬点速度、加速度和受力特征,分析了减速箱力矩、电机驱动电流与悬点示功图的关系,建立了悬点示功图与井下设备主要故障的特征图集和地面设备常见故障图集,总结其故障对应的示功图特征,探索了故障特征值的提取方法,建立了煤层气三抽设备常见故障诊断的基本理论与方法。再次,本文还建立了螺杆泵的力学模型,得出去扭矩曲线图和轴向力曲线图,总结煤层气排采螺杆泵的常见故障,建立螺杆泵的故障集,找出螺杆泵故障对应的扭矩与轴向力的变化规律,对比正常工作时的扭矩和轴向力曲线图,建立了煤层气排采螺杆泵常见故障的诊断的方法。最后,利用VB开发了煤层气常用排采设备故障诊断软件,集三抽排采设备的力学模型分析及故障诊断和螺杆泵系统的力学模型分析及故障诊断为一体,从而可以预测性的对煤层气常用排采设备的故障,减少煤层气井因排采设备故障造成的停井,延长煤层气井无故障运行时间,提高煤层气开发的经济效益。
[Abstract]:This thesis is supported by the National Oil and Gas Project (2011ZX05062-004) and the National Natural Science Foundation (51174224). The key to maintain the high and stable production of coalbed gas wells is to keep the continuous and stable production. The failure and inadaptability of the drainage equipment are the important factors that affect the continuous production. Based on the analysis of typical features caused by common outage equipment faults, the method of feature detection is established. Through clustering comparison, the fault of drainage equipment is predicted, in order to manage and maintain the equipment prediction and reduce the checking pump of coalbed gas well. The pump repair times can prolong the operation period of drainage equipment and improve the production capacity of coalbed gas wells. This paper mainly studies the three-pump drainage system and screw pump system. First of all, this paper analyzes and studies the equipment requirements of coal bed methane extraction process, the current situation of fault diagnosis of common mining equipment, the characteristics of common faults and the methods of proposing typical characteristics. In this paper, the difference and characteristics of coal bed methane well drainage equipment and oilfield drainage equipment are given, and the differences are summarized. The main differences are as follows: the way of discharging production, the product of discharge, and so on, which lays a theoretical foundation for fault diagnosis of coal-bed methane drainage equipment. Then, the kinematic and dynamic analysis of the three-pumping and draining equipment is carried out, and the characteristics of the suspension velocity, acceleration and force are obtained, and the relationship between the torque of the reducer, the driving current of the motor and the dynamometer diagram of the suspension point is analyzed. In this paper, the characteristic atlas of hanging point indicator diagram, main faults of underground equipment and common fault map of ground equipment are established, and the corresponding features of indicator diagram of fault are summarized, and the method of extracting fault eigenvalue is explored. The basic theory and method of common fault diagnosis for coal bed methane (CBM) pumping equipment are established. Thirdly, the mechanical model of screw pump is established, and the torque curve and axial force curve are obtained, the common faults of screw pump are summarized, and the fault set of screw pump is established. This paper finds out the variation law of torque and axial force corresponding to screw pump fault, compares the curve of torque and axial force in normal operation, and establishes the method of diagnosing common faults of coal bed methane drainage screw pump. Finally, the fault diagnosis software of coal bed methane extraction equipment is developed by using VB, which integrates the mechanical model analysis and fault diagnosis of three extraction and drainage equipment and the mechanical model analysis and fault diagnosis of screw pump system. Thus, the failure of common production equipment for CBM can be predicted, the stopping of CBM wells due to the failure of production equipment can be reduced, the operation time of CBM wells without fault can be prolonged, and the economic benefit of CBM development can be improved.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE93

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