小井眼侧钻井冲旋钻提速研究
发布时间：2018-12-06 14:30
【摘要】：目前我国大多数井已处于开采中后期阶段,由于地层、套管质量等原因引起事故井甚至油井停产。小井眼侧钻井技术能有效解决这类事故井,使油井恢复生产,提高采收率,增加油井产量。但小井眼侧钻存在加压困难和脱压等问题,降低了钻井速度,如何提高钻井速度成为钻井研究的重要课题。冲旋钻井技术是钻井过程中即有冲击钻进又有旋转钻进的一种钻进方法,研究表明冲旋钻井在中硬地层及硬地层中使用具有井身质量好、钻头损耗低、钻井成本降低、提高机械钻速等优点。本文拟使用冲旋钻井技术提高小井眼侧钻机械钻速,主要研究冲旋钻井技术的关键工具冲击器,其冲击性能直接影响冲旋钻井的效果。基于上述背景,本文通过大量阅读文献和现场调研分析总结了现有冲击器的工作原理和结构特点,在此基础上创新设计出了一套适用于小井眼侧钻井的定流量低摩阻的液动射流冲击器。通过收集消化现有冲击器资料和现场调研,了解了现有冲击器的特点和存在的问题,确定了设计方案,创新设计出一种适用于小井眼侧钻井的液动射流冲击器,能够实现小井眼侧钻井提速目标;基于三维仿真软件Solidworks建立了液动射流冲击器的三维实体模型,证明了设计结构的合理性;基于有限元理论和强度理论对重要零部件进行了强度设计;利用Fluent对射流冲击器关键部件(射流元件)进行了流场分析,探讨了流量对射流元件切换的影响;建立了小井眼侧钻工况下的冲锤动力学模型,为冲击器在小井眼侧钻工况中的应用提供了理论依据,基于Matlab软件编制了冲锤运动仿真程序,对冲击器冲击功、冲击频率的性能参数进行定量计算,研究了单一因素对冲击器性能的影响规律;然后基于正交试验原理按照不同的优化目标对结构参数进行了优化。
[Abstract]:At present, most wells in our country have been in the middle and late stage of production, due to formation, casing quality and other reasons, the accident wells and even oil wells shut down. Small hole side drilling technology can effectively solve this kind of accident wells, make oil wells resume production, improve oil recovery, and increase oil well production. However, there are some problems in sidetracking, such as pressure and depressurization, which reduce the drilling speed, and how to improve the drilling speed becomes an important issue in drilling research. Percussive drilling technology is a kind of drilling method with both percussion drilling and rotary drilling in drilling process. The research shows that the use of percussion drilling in middle hard formation and hard formation has good well quality, low bit loss and low drilling cost. Improve the mechanical drilling speed and other advantages. In this paper, the impact drilling technology is used to improve the mechanical drilling rate of small hole sidetracking, and the key tool impactor is mainly studied in this paper. Its impact performance directly affects the effect of rotary drilling. Based on the above background, this paper summarizes the working principle and structural characteristics of the existing impactor by reading a lot of literature and analyzing on the spot. On this basis, a set of hydraulic jet impactor with constant flow and low friction is designed. By collecting and digesting the existing impactor data and field investigation, the characteristics and existing problems of the existing impactor are understood, the design scheme is determined, and a hydraulic jet impactor suitable for small hole side drilling is designed. It can realize the goal of raising speed in slim hole side drilling. Based on the 3D simulation software Solidworks, the 3D solid model of the hydraulic jet impactor is established, the rationality of the design structure is proved, and the strength design of the important parts is carried out based on the finite element theory and the strength theory. The flow field of the key component of jet impactor (jet element) is analyzed by Fluent, and the influence of flow rate on the switch of jet element is discussed. The dynamic model of impact hammer under sidetracking condition is established, which provides a theoretical basis for the application of impactor in sidetracking condition. Based on Matlab software, the simulation program of impact hammer motion is compiled, and the impact power of the impactor is analyzed. The performance parameters of impact frequency are calculated quantitatively, and the influence of single factor on the performance of impactor is studied. Then, based on the principle of orthogonal test, the structural parameters are optimized according to different optimization objectives.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE246
[Abstract]:At present, most wells in our country have been in the middle and late stage of production, due to formation, casing quality and other reasons, the accident wells and even oil wells shut down. Small hole side drilling technology can effectively solve this kind of accident wells, make oil wells resume production, improve oil recovery, and increase oil well production. However, there are some problems in sidetracking, such as pressure and depressurization, which reduce the drilling speed, and how to improve the drilling speed becomes an important issue in drilling research. Percussive drilling technology is a kind of drilling method with both percussion drilling and rotary drilling in drilling process. The research shows that the use of percussion drilling in middle hard formation and hard formation has good well quality, low bit loss and low drilling cost. Improve the mechanical drilling speed and other advantages. In this paper, the impact drilling technology is used to improve the mechanical drilling rate of small hole sidetracking, and the key tool impactor is mainly studied in this paper. Its impact performance directly affects the effect of rotary drilling. Based on the above background, this paper summarizes the working principle and structural characteristics of the existing impactor by reading a lot of literature and analyzing on the spot. On this basis, a set of hydraulic jet impactor with constant flow and low friction is designed. By collecting and digesting the existing impactor data and field investigation, the characteristics and existing problems of the existing impactor are understood, the design scheme is determined, and a hydraulic jet impactor suitable for small hole side drilling is designed. It can realize the goal of raising speed in slim hole side drilling. Based on the 3D simulation software Solidworks, the 3D solid model of the hydraulic jet impactor is established, the rationality of the design structure is proved, and the strength design of the important parts is carried out based on the finite element theory and the strength theory. The flow field of the key component of jet impactor (jet element) is analyzed by Fluent, and the influence of flow rate on the switch of jet element is discussed. The dynamic model of impact hammer under sidetracking condition is established, which provides a theoretical basis for the application of impactor in sidetracking condition. Based on Matlab software, the simulation program of impact hammer motion is compiled, and the impact power of the impactor is analyzed. The performance parameters of impact frequency are calculated quantitatively, and the influence of single factor on the performance of impactor is studied. Then, based on the principle of orthogonal test, the structural parameters are optimized according to different optimization objectives.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE246
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