苏丹六区稠油加工技术研究及工业化分析

发布时间：2018-12-10 13:16

【摘要】：随着苏丹油气产量特别是苏丹六区高酸高钙原油产量的不断增加,加工高酸高钙六区原油是苏丹炼厂今后面临的重要课题。本论文首先对六区稠油的性质进行了全馏分分析,根据六区稠油的特点进行脱钙技术研究和稠油加工工艺研究,最后对稠油加工技术工业化运行情况进行了分析。论文首先对苏丹六区稠油的基本性质及全馏分性质做了全面分析,得到了苏丹六区原油的基本属性。结果表明:苏丹稠油属低硫环烷-中间基原油,其密度大,轻质油收率低,硫含量低,氮含量、水含量和盐含量较高,酸值高达l3.82mgKOH/g;所含金属中钙、钠、镁、镍含量高,分别为1652.0μg·g-1、264.0μg·g-1、8.5μg·g-1和18.3μg·g-1,尤其是高含钙量给加工带来很大的困难。针对苏丹六区原油钙含量高造成的加工问题进行了脱钙技术研究。结果表明:脱钙剂A和脱钙剂B两种脱钙剂均有较高的脱钙率,使原油脱后钙含量低于100μg·g-1,脱后油中的盐含量3μg·g-1,达到了延迟焦化装置对原油钙铁含量的技术要求。但与脱钙剂A相比,脱钙剂B具有更高的脱钙率和脱铁率。随着剂钙质量比含量的增加,苏丹六区稠油中的钙含量逐渐下降,当剂钙比由0变为2:1时,钙含量大幅度下降;且剂钙比含量越高,脱钙率越大。加入脱钙剂后焦化柴油铁含量有所增加,随着剂钙比的增加,铁含量呈现先增加后降低的趋势;而酸值呈现先降低后增加的趋势。加入脱钙剂后焦化蜡油铁含量有所降低,随着剂钙比的增加,铁含量呈现先降低后增加的趋势;酸值呈现逐渐增加的趋势。根据苏丹成品油市场需求及原料性质,对高酸原油的脱酸工艺进行了研究。结果表明:采用原油延迟焦化的热脱酸工艺,可以有效的降低焦化馏分油的酸值,脱酸率在95%以上,汽油柴油二者的收率可达60%以上,特别是柴油收率可达40%以上,很适合苏丹对柴油的需求。由六区稠油加工技术工业化运行情况分析得到,延迟焦化装置加工含酸原油若选择合适的材料,可以有效的控制装置的腐蚀问题,实现装置的长周期生产,采用加氢精制和连续重整技术,加工延迟焦化汽柴油,可以满足对产品质量的需求,并且能够为炼厂提供富余的氢气。
[Abstract]:With the increasing production of oil and gas in Sudan, especially the production of high-acid and high-calcium crude oil in the six regions of Sudan, the processing of crude oil in high-acid and high-calcium region is an important subject that Sudanese refineries will face in the future. In this paper, the properties of heavy oil in area six are analyzed, and the decalcification technology and processing technology of heavy oil are studied according to the characteristics of heavy oil in area six. Finally, the industrial operation of heavy oil processing technology is analyzed. In this paper, the basic properties and the whole fractions of heavy oil in the six regions of Sudan are analyzed, and the basic properties of crude oil in the six regions of Sudan are obtained. The results show that Sudan heavy oil belongs to low sulfur naphthene intermediate base crude oil, its density is high, light oil yield is low, sulfur content is low, nitrogen content, water content and salt content are higher, acid value is as high as l3.82 mg KOH / g; The contents of calcium, sodium, magnesium and nickel are 1652.0 渭 g ~ 1264.0 渭 g ~ (-1) 渭 g g ~ (-1) and 18.3 渭 g g ~ (-1) respectively. The decalcification technology was studied for processing problems caused by high calcium content in crude oil in six regions of Sudan. The results showed that both decalcifying agent A and decalcifying agent B had high decalcification rate, and the calcium content of crude oil was less than 100 渭 g -1, and the salt content of oil after decalcification was 3 渭 g -1. The technical requirements of the delayed coking unit for the content of calcium and iron in crude oil have been achieved. Compared with decalcifying agent A, decalcifying agent B has higher decalcification rate and iron removal rate. With the increase of the ratio of agent to calcium, the content of calcium in heavy oil in the six regions of Sudan gradually decreased, and when the ratio of agent to calcium changed from 0 to 2:1, the content of calcium decreased significantly, and the higher the ratio of agent to calcium was, the greater the decalcification rate was. After adding decalcifying agent, the iron content of coking diesel increased. With the increase of calcium ratio, the iron content increased first and then decreased, while the acid value decreased first and then increased. The iron content of coking wax oil decreased after adding decalcifying agent. With the increase of calcium ratio, the iron content decreased first and then increased, and the acid value increased gradually. The deacidification process of high acid crude oil was studied according to the market demand and raw material properties of Sudan refined oil. The results show that the acid value of the coking distillate oil can be effectively reduced by using the thermal deacidification process of delayed coking of crude oil. The acid removal rate is more than 95%, the yield of gasoline and diesel oil is over 60%, especially the yield of diesel oil can reach more than 40%. It is suitable for the demand of diesel oil in Sudan. From the analysis of the industrial operation of heavy oil processing technology in six regions, it is concluded that if suitable materials are selected for processing sour crude oil in delayed coking plant, the corrosion problem of the device can be effectively controlled, and the long period production of the device can be realized. Using hydrofining and continuous reforming technology to process delayed coking gasoline and diesel oil can meet the demand of product quality and provide excess hydrogen for refinery.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE624

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