复杂流体介质条件下井筒压力波传播规律研究

发布时间：2018-12-18 16:51

【摘要】：汕气钻井中涉及井筒压力波传播的工程问题广泛存在,研究不同流体介质条件下井筒压力波的传播规律有助于解决困扰大规模低品位油气资源和深层油气资源开发的气体钻井、充气钻井、泡沫钻井、高密度钻井液钻井的泥浆脉冲随钻测量难题和气体钻井、高压深井钻井的井筒压力控制难题。为此,本文系统研究了复杂流体介质条件下井筒压力波的传播规律,具体研究内容及取得的主要成果如下：(1)建立了气相流体介质条件下井筒压力波传播速度和衰减系数的解析计算模型,并开展了水平管气相介质压力波传播实验,模型计算结果与实验数据吻合较好。在此基础上,系统研究了角频率、系统压力、温度和气体流速对井筒压力波传播和衰减的影响。(2)在考虑液相密度动态变化、壁而剪切力和黏性耗散的基础上,建立了液相流体介质条件下井筒压力波波速和衰减系数的理论计算模型,并开展了水平管液相流体介质压力波传播实验,模型预测结果与实验数据吻合较好,并进一步研究了角频率、液相密度、体积弹性模量、黏度及流速等参数对压力波传播速度和衰减系数的影响。(3)基于气液两流体模型,建立并求解了井筒气液两相流体介质中压力波传播和衰减的数学模型,并开展了泡沫气液两相流体水平管压力波传播实验,利用泡沫流体实验数据和气液两相流体压力波传播经典实验数据完成了对理论模型的验证。在此基础上,系统研究了角频率、持气率、系统压力、温度等参数对压力波传播和衰减的影响。(4)基于液固两流体模型,建立了井筒液固两相流体中压力波传播和衰减的数学模型,并利用经典的悬浊液超声波传播实验数据对理论模型进行了验证,并深入分析了角频率、固相含量、颗粒尺寸、固相相密度及两相流体黏度等参数对压力波传播和衰减系数的影响。(5)针对充气钻井的泥浆脉冲随钻测量难题,借助井筒气液两相流体条件下压力波传播和衰减规律的研究成果,深入分析了造成泥浆脉冲随钻测量困难的内在原因,提出了改善充气钻井泥浆脉冲随钻测量效果的复合改良工艺和技术,现场试验结果表明,提出的改良工艺和措施能够有效解决充气钻井的泥浆脉冲随钻测量难题。(6)针对气体钻井的井筒压力控制难题,建立了基于压力波动理论的气体钻井钻遇裂缝产气早期检测及预警技术。现场试验结果表明,该技术能够在气体钻井钻遇裂缝产气不久即进行有效检测,比传统方法发现地层产气的时问早得多,有力拓展了气体钻井井筒压力控制的时间窗口。本研究系统构建了复杂流体介质条件下井筒压力波传播的理论体系,为汕气钻井中涉及井筒压力波传播的工程问题的解决奠定了核心的理论基础,具有积极的现实意义。
[Abstract]:The engineering problems related to wellbore pressure wave propagation are widespread in Shantou gas drilling. Studying the propagation law of wellbore pressure wave under different fluid medium conditions is helpful to solve the problem of gas drilling, which puzzles the development of large-scale low-grade oil and gas resources and deep oil and gas resources. Gas drilling, foam drilling, high density drilling fluid drilling mud pulse while drilling measurement and gas drilling, high pressure drilling hole pressure control problems. Therefore, in this paper, the propagation law of wellbore pressure wave in complex fluid medium is studied systematically. The specific research contents and main achievements are as follows: (1) the analytical calculation model of pressure wave propagation velocity and attenuation coefficient of wellbore under the condition of gas-phase fluid medium is established, and the horizontal tube gas pressure wave propagation experiment is carried out. The results of the model are in good agreement with the experimental data. On this basis, the effects of angular frequency, system pressure, temperature and gas velocity on the propagation and attenuation of wellbore pressure wave are systematically studied. (2) considering the dynamic change of liquid density, wall shear force and viscosity dissipation, The theoretical calculation model of pressure wave velocity and attenuation coefficient of wellbore under liquid fluid medium condition is established, and the pressure wave propagation experiment in horizontal tube liquid fluid medium is carried out. The predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The effects of angular frequency, liquid density, bulk modulus of elasticity, viscosity and flow rate on the propagation velocity and attenuation coefficient of the pressure wave are further studied. (3) based on the gas-liquid two-fluid model, The mathematical model of pressure wave propagation and attenuation in gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium in wellbore is established and solved, and the pressure wave propagation experiment in horizontal tube of foamed gas-liquid two-phase fluid is carried out. The theoretical model is verified by using the experimental data of foam fluid and the classical experimental data of pressure wave propagation of gas-liquid two-phase fluid. On this basis, the effects of angular frequency, gas holdup, pressure and temperature on the propagation and attenuation of pressure waves are systematically studied. (4) based on the liquid-solid two-fluid model, The mathematical model of pressure wave propagation and attenuation in liquid-solid two-phase fluid in wellbore is established, and the theoretical model is verified by the classical experimental data of ultrasonic propagation of suspensions. The angular frequency, solid content and particle size are analyzed in depth. The influence of solid phase density and viscosity of two-phase fluid on pressure wave propagation and attenuation coefficient. (5) to measure mud pulse while drilling in inflatable drilling. With the help of the research results of pressure wave propagation and attenuation under gas-liquid two-phase fluid condition in wellbore, the internal causes of the difficulty in measuring mud pulse while drilling are deeply analyzed. The compound improved technology and technology for improving the effect of pulse while drilling measurement of aerated drilling mud are put forward. The field test results show that, The proposed improved technology and measures can effectively solve the problem of mud pulse while drilling measurement in inflatable drilling. (6) aiming at the problem of wellbore pressure control in gas drilling, Based on the theory of pressure fluctuation, the early detection and early warning technology of gas production in gas drilling is established. The field test results show that the technology can effectively detect gas production in gas drilling, which is much earlier than the traditional method in discovering formation gas production, and it can expand the time window of gas drilling wellbore pressure control. In this paper, a theoretical system of wellbore pressure wave propagation in complex fluid medium is constructed, which lays a core theoretical foundation for solving the engineering problem of wellbore pressure wave propagation in Shantou gas drilling, and has positive practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE241

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