利用炼厂馏分油合成驱替剂的室内研究
发布时间：2018-12-30 19:48
【摘要】：驱油用化学剂(oil-displacing agent)是指以提高原油采收率为目的,能改善含油地层流体流动性,改变原油与油藏孔隙之间的界面特性,对原油具有一定乳化、分散等作用的所有化学剂的统称。在石油行业中,被简称为驱替剂或驱油剂。表面活性剂驱是三次采油中提高采油效率的一种重要方法,其提高采收率的主要方式是通过在注入水中加入表面活性剂,改变油水的相关性能,从而提高采收率。驱油用表面活性剂大体可分为两大类,一类为包含活性水、胶束溶液在内的稀表面活性剂体系,另一类为包含微乳液体系在内的浓表面活性剂体系。我国目前开发出的表面活性剂类驱替剂主要有石油磺酸盐、石油羧酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、甜菜碱以及生物表面活性剂等。本文选取了咸阳炼厂生产的减二线、减三线等六种馏分油作为原料,利用化学改性的方法,探索其合成驱替剂的可行性。通过对几种原料油物理性质的对比考察,选择了适合用该法合成石油磺酸盐的两种馏分油;同时通过大量的实验,优化了合成的操作工艺条件且最终选取其中的减三线馏分油为原料油。在对产品的应用性能研究中,采用石油磺酸盐产品与其他活性剂复配进行对比分析,通过测定这些配方在长庆油田原油及地层水构成的油水体系中界面张力的大小,筛选出最佳的配方,使体系的界面张力达到超低值(≤0.001m N·m-1);并模拟岩心进行了驱油实验,实验表明在相同驱替条件下,与单独水驱相比,XPS驱可提高采收率近18.7%;XPSF-Ⅰ驱提高了约19.4%。表明作为驱替剂,XPS具有一定的实用性和较好驱油效果。
[Abstract]:The chemical agent for oil displacement (oil-displacing agent) is to improve oil recovery, improve the fluidity of oil-bearing formation, change the interfacial characteristics between crude oil and reservoir pores, and emulsify the crude oil to a certain extent. Any of various chemical agents used as dispersing agents. In the petroleum industry, it is referred to as displacement agent or oil displacement agent. Surfactant flooding is an important method to improve oil recovery efficiency in tertiary oil recovery. The main way to improve oil recovery efficiency is to change the correlation between oil and water by adding surfactant in injected water. The surfactants for oil displacement can be divided into two categories: one is a dilute surfactant system containing active water and micellar solution, the other is a concentrated surfactant system including microemulsion system. The main surfactants developed in China include petroleum sulfonate, petroleum carboxylate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, betaine and biosurfactant. In this paper, six kinds of distillate oil produced by Xianyang Refinery are selected as raw materials, and the feasibility of synthesizing displacement agent is explored by chemical modification method. By comparing the physical properties of several feedstock oils, two fractions suitable for the synthesis of petroleum sulfonates by this method have been selected. At the same time, through a large number of experiments, the operation conditions of the synthesis were optimized and the subtractive third line distillate was selected as the feed oil. In the study of the application performance of the products, the composite of petroleum sulfonate and other active agents was used to compare and analyze the interfacial tension of these formulations in the oil-water system composed of crude oil and formation water in Changqing Oilfield. The optimum formula was selected to make the interfacial tension of the system reach an ultra-low value (鈮，
本文编号：2396055
[Abstract]:The chemical agent for oil displacement (oil-displacing agent) is to improve oil recovery, improve the fluidity of oil-bearing formation, change the interfacial characteristics between crude oil and reservoir pores, and emulsify the crude oil to a certain extent. Any of various chemical agents used as dispersing agents. In the petroleum industry, it is referred to as displacement agent or oil displacement agent. Surfactant flooding is an important method to improve oil recovery efficiency in tertiary oil recovery. The main way to improve oil recovery efficiency is to change the correlation between oil and water by adding surfactant in injected water. The surfactants for oil displacement can be divided into two categories: one is a dilute surfactant system containing active water and micellar solution, the other is a concentrated surfactant system including microemulsion system. The main surfactants developed in China include petroleum sulfonate, petroleum carboxylate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, betaine and biosurfactant. In this paper, six kinds of distillate oil produced by Xianyang Refinery are selected as raw materials, and the feasibility of synthesizing displacement agent is explored by chemical modification method. By comparing the physical properties of several feedstock oils, two fractions suitable for the synthesis of petroleum sulfonates by this method have been selected. At the same time, through a large number of experiments, the operation conditions of the synthesis were optimized and the subtractive third line distillate was selected as the feed oil. In the study of the application performance of the products, the composite of petroleum sulfonate and other active agents was used to compare and analyze the interfacial tension of these formulations in the oil-water system composed of crude oil and formation water in Changqing Oilfield. The optimum formula was selected to make the interfacial tension of the system reach an ultra-low value (鈮，
本文编号：2396055
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