3株原油降解细菌鉴定及其降解和驱油特性研究

发布时间：2019-01-05 07:01

【摘要】：筛选可提高原油采收率的细菌,进而考察其降解、发酵及增油性质。以原油为唯一碳源,采用稀释平板法分离增油菌株;通过观察原油平板上的菌落生长状况、发酵瓶中原油性质变化筛选具有增油潜力的菌株;通过菌落与细胞形态、生理生化特性及16S r DNA序列分析鉴定菌株;利用气相色谱法、柱层析等方法分析菌株对原油化学组成的影响;并采用室内模拟试验研究供试菌株发酵液的驱油效果。结果表明:从分离自原油及油污土壤的17株细菌中筛选出3株有增油潜力的细菌,经鉴定分别为Dietzia cerrcidiphylli(X10)、Micrococcus yunnanensis(X19)及Pseudomonas aeruginosa(X22);3株细菌作用后原油化学成分产生了显著变化,X19对沥青的降解率高达到65.7%,X10对胶质、芳香烃的降解分别达到84.4%、32.15%,烷烃类成分均有不同程度的增加;X22可合成糖脂类表面活性物质;Pseudomonas aeruginosa发酵液在模拟试验中的驱油率较水驱提高了33.5%,且在低渗及非均质模拟介质中驱油效率较高;筛选得到的3株细菌中均有较好的增油潜力,其中Pseudomonas aeruginosa在室内模拟试验中驱油效果较好,适宜于微生物增油技术的研究和应用。
[Abstract]:The bacteria that can improve oil recovery were screened, and their degradation, fermentation and oil increasing properties were investigated. Using crude oil as the sole carbon source, the oil-increasing strains were separated by dilution plate method, and the oil-increasing strains were screened by observing the colony growth status on the crude oil plate and the change of crude oil properties in the fermentation flask. The strains were identified by colony and cell morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16s r DNA sequence analysis, and the effects of the strains on the chemical composition of crude oil were analyzed by gas chromatography and column chromatography. Laboratory simulation test was used to study the oil displacement effect of fermentation broth of the tested strain. The results showed that from 17 strains of bacteria isolated from crude oil and oil-contaminated soil, 3 strains with oil-increasing potential were identified as Dietzia cerrcidiphylli (X10), Micrococcus yunnanensis (X19 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (X22, respectively. The chemical composition of crude oil changed significantly after the action of three strains of bacteria. The degradation rate of X19 to asphalt reached 65.7%, and the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbon reached 84.4% and 32.15%, respectively, and the alkane components increased to some extent. The oil displacement rate of X22 surfactant; Pseudomonas aeruginosa fermentation broth can be increased by 33.555% than that by water flooding, and the oil displacement efficiency is higher in low permeability and heterogeneous simulated media. The results showed that all of the three strains of bacteria had good oil increasing potential, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was suitable for the research and application of microbial oil increasing technology because of its good oil displacement effect in laboratory simulation test.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学资源环境学院;长安大学地球科学与资源学院;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B11) 陕西博秦生物工程有限公司微生物增油项目
【分类号】：Q939.97;TE357.9

【相似文献】