水平井脉冲内磨钻头的设计及水力建模

发布时间：2019-01-08 14:11

【摘要】：水平井钻进过程中往往因携岩不利、清岩不及时,低边堆积的岩屑床会导致托压、底部钻具组合黏托甚至卡钻等问题。为此,在分析岩屑床形成原因的基础上,基于赫姆霍兹振荡腔脉冲生成、射流泵和高压射流等理论,设计了一种新型水平井赫姆霍兹式脉冲内磨钻头——该钻头依靠高速脉冲射流辅助破岩、反向射流负压抽汲钻头底部钻屑以及内磨削结构减小钻屑粒径,实现了高效清岩破岩,减小压持效应,清除水平井岩屑床。进而分别建立了脉冲生成装置、高效破岩装置、反向抽汲装置的水力模型。模拟计算结果表明:①谐振最优流量随进给腔直径、反馈腔直径的增大而增大,随谐振腔直径的增大而减小,谐振最优流量与各因素近似呈线性关系;②反向抽汲装置的最优流量比随无量纲流量比先增大后减小,随无量纲面积比的增大而减小;③通过算例分析得到赫姆霍兹振荡腔固有频率为24.00 Hz,谐振最优流量为23.92 L/s,最优流量比为0.59,并经实例分析验证了水力模型的准确性。结论认为,该新型钻头为解决岩屑床的堆积问题提供了一种新的方案。
[Abstract]:During horizontal well drilling, the rock carrying is unfavorable and the rock cleaning is not timely. The low side accumulated cuttings bed will lead to the problems of supporting pressure, bottom drilling tool combination sticker and even drilling jam and so on. Therefore, on the basis of analyzing the cause of formation of cuttings bed, based on the theory of Hem Hortz oscillation cavity pulse generation, jet pump and high pressure jet, A new type of Hem Holtz pulse internal grinding bit in horizontal well is designed, which relies on high speed pulse jet to assist rock breaking, reverse jet negative pressure swabbing bit bottom cuttings and internal grinding structure to reduce the diameter of drilling debris, thus realizing high efficiency in clearing rock and breaking rock. Reduce the pressure holding effect and clear the cuttings bed of horizontal well. Furthermore, the hydraulic models of pulse generating device, high-efficiency rock breaking device and reverse swabbing device are established respectively. The simulation results show that: 1 the optimal resonant flow rate increases with the diameter of the feed cavity and the diameter of the feedback cavity, and decreases with the increase of the diameter of the resonator. The optimal flow rate of the resonator is approximately linear with each factor; (2) the optimal flow ratio of the reverse swabbing device increases first and then decreases with the dimensionless flow ratio, and decreases with the increase of the dimensionless area ratio; 3 through the example analysis, the optimal flow rate is 23.92L / s and the optimal flow ratio is 0.59. the natural frequency of the Hem hotz oscillation cavity is 24.00 Hz, and the optimal flow ratio is 0.59.The accuracy of the hydraulic model is verified by the example analysis. The conclusion is that the new bit provides a new scheme for solving the accumulation problem of cuttings bed.
【作者单位】：中国石油大学石油工程教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目“复杂油气井钻井与完井基础研究”(批准号:51521063) 国家重点研发计划课题“钻井工艺及井筒工作液关键技术研究”(编号:2016YFC03303)
【分类号】：TE921.1

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