深层高压低渗透油藏渗流机理研究

发布时间：2019-01-09 18:28

【摘要】：当前,世界石油工业正面临着严峻的挑战,一方面新的探区日益减少、后备储量越来越少,而新探明的地质储量中绝大部分为低渗透油藏储量;另一方面,低渗透油藏开发效果和经济效益较差,使低渗透油田的开发面临许多困难。低渗透油藏的认识程度和开发水平同中高渗透型油藏相比差距较大,把低渗透和特低渗透油藏的储量充分动用起来,实现高效开发,就要正确认识低渗储层特征和渗流机理,解决制约这些储量难以动用和高效开发的技术难题。本论文研究了深层高压低渗透储层的变形机理、启动压力梯度、应力敏感性等,探索了低渗透油藏的渗流规律;考虑地层的压敏特性,建立了变渗透率产能预测模型;考虑缝面污染,定量分析了影响高压低渗透储层产能的因素和非线性现象、启动压力梯度与油井产量之间的关系,优化了低渗透油藏垂直裂缝群;利用数值模拟技术,研究了高压低渗透储层的最佳开发和压裂参数,提出了高压低渗透储层剩余油挖潜主导措施。形成了较完善的深层高压低渗透油藏渗流机理理论体系,并经中原油田文13西块现场实施,水驱控制储量、水驱动用储量分别提高4.19和2.22个百分点、日产油上升15.1t、综合含水下降0.24个百分点,增加可采储量9.23×104t,取得了很好的经济效益。本论文的研究成果对相似油藏的高效开发具有重要的指导意义。论文主要取得了以下成果:1、在研究储层变形机理、启动压力梯度、应力敏感性等基础上,探索了低渗透油藏的渗流规律及影响因素;2、建立了考虑应力敏感和启动压力梯度的产能预测公式;3、研究了裂缝分布对油井产能的影响,分析了影响压裂井产能的因素;4、利用油藏模拟方法,确定了不同级别渗透率的最佳井网和压裂匹配参数;5、分析了影响压裂井产能的因素和低渗透油藏的非线性现象、启动压力梯度与油井产量之间的关系,优化了低渗透油藏垂直裂缝群;6、提出了文东油田剩余油挖潜主导措施。
[Abstract]:At present, the world petroleum industry is facing severe challenges. On the one hand, the new exploration area is decreasing day by day, the reserve reserves are less and less, and the majority of the newly proved geological reserves are low permeability reservoir reserves. On the other hand, the low permeability reservoir is faced with many difficulties because of its poor development effect and economic benefit. The level of understanding and development of low permeability reservoirs is much lower than that of medium and high permeability reservoirs. It is necessary to correctly understand the characteristics and percolation mechanism of low permeability reservoirs in order to make full use of reserves of low and ultra-low permeability reservoirs and to realize high efficiency development. To solve the technical problems that restrict the utilization and efficient development of these reserves. In this paper, the deformation mechanism, start-up pressure gradient and stress sensitivity of deep high pressure and low permeability reservoirs are studied, the percolation law of low permeability reservoirs is explored, and the prediction model of variable permeability productivity is established considering the pressure-sensitive characteristics of formation. Considering fracture surface pollution, the factors affecting productivity and nonlinear phenomena of high-pressure and low-permeability reservoirs are quantitatively analyzed, the relationship between starting pressure gradient and oil well production is analyzed, and the vertical fracture group of low permeability reservoir is optimized. The optimum development and fracturing parameters of high pressure and low permeability reservoirs are studied by using numerical simulation technology, and the main measures of tapping remaining oil potential in high pressure and low permeability reservoirs are put forward. A perfect theoretical system of percolation mechanism for deep high pressure and low permeability reservoirs has been formed, which has been implemented on site in Wen13 West Block, Zhongyuan Oilfield. The water drive control reserves and water drive reserves are increased by 4.19 and 2.22 percentage points, respectively. The daily oil production increased by 15.1t, the comprehensive water cut decreased by 0.24 percentage points, and the recoverable reserves increased by 9.23 脳 104t, and good economic benefits were obtained. The research results of this paper have important guiding significance for high-efficiency development of similar reservoirs. The main achievements are as follows: 1. On the basis of studying reservoir deformation mechanism, starting pressure gradient and stress sensitivity, the percolation law and influencing factors of low permeability reservoir are explored. (2) the productivity prediction formula considering stress sensitivity and starting pressure gradient is established. 3, the influence of fracture distribution on well productivity is studied, and the factors influencing the productivity of fracturing well are analyzed. 4. Using reservoir simulation method, the optimum well pattern and fracturing matching parameters of different levels of permeability are determined. 5. The factors that affect the productivity of fracturing wells and the nonlinear phenomena of low permeability reservoirs are analyzed. The relationship between starting pressure gradient and oil well production is analyzed, and the vertical fracture group of low permeability reservoir is optimized. 6. The main measures of tapping remaining oil potential in Wendong Oilfield are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE31

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