九龙山构造深井提高钻速技术研究

发布时间：2019-01-21 21:15

【摘要】：位于川北坳陷的九龙山构造,地质复杂、岩石可钻性差、钻头易磨损、上部地层低压易漏以及下部地层异常超高压；且机械钻速低,钻井周期长,这严重制约了九龙山地区勘探开发进程。因此,为了提高机械钻速,缩短钻井周期,本文开展了九龙山构造的提速配套技术研究。本文在研究九龙山地区地质与钻井现状基础上,总结出该区钻井难点,提出了两套提速的井身结构方案。通过不同围压对抗压强度、硬度、塑性等岩石力学性质的实验研究,得到了围压对岩石力学参数的影响关系,据此研究了围压对岩石可钻性的影响,提出了该区域PDC钻头选型方法,根据岩石可钻性和研磨性对钻头进行了优选。通过围压对岩石力学性质影响室内试验和测井资料解释结果,采用气体钻井方式,岩石的可钻性系数级值可以降低1-3。通过建立气体钻井近井壁地带地层应力分布,结合地层渗流、地层出水、地层水与钻井液置换等因素的影响,建立了气体钻井井壁失稳判断模型,论证了气体钻井提速的可行性。考虑携岩和地层出水的影响,建立了最小注气量计算模型,分析了机械钻速、地层出水量等因素对注气压力、最小注气量的影响,对气体钻井的参数进行了优化。应用该套提速技术后,以须家河为目的层的井,直井平均机械钻速3.82m/h,与项目实施前2.80m/h,提高了36.43%；定向井平均机械钻速3.91m/h,与项目实施前2.48m/h,提高了57.66%,取得了显著的提速效果。通过钻头选型、气体钻井、井身结构优化等综合技术,提高了九龙山构造深井机械钻速,大幅度缩短了钻井周期,配套的提速技术对类似构造深井提速有重要参考价值。
[Abstract]:Jiulongshan structure located in North Sichuan depression has complicated geology, poor drillability of rock, easy wear and tear of drill bit, low pressure and leakage of upper formation and abnormal ultra-high pressure in lower stratum. The low drilling speed and long drilling cycle seriously restrict the process of exploration and development in Jiulong Mountain area. Therefore, in order to improve the drilling speed and shorten the drilling cycle, this paper studies the matching technology of Jiulongshan structure. On the basis of studying the geology and drilling status in Jiulongshan area, this paper summarizes the difficulties of drilling in this area, and puts forward two sets of shaft structure schemes for increasing speed. The influence of confining pressure on rock mechanical parameters is obtained through the experimental study of rock mechanical properties such as compressive strength, hardness and plasticity of different confining pressures, and the effect of confining pressure on drillability of rock is studied. The selection method of PDC bit in this area is put forward, and the bit is selected according to rock drillability and grinding property. Based on the results of laboratory tests and log interpretation of confining pressure on rock mechanical properties, the drillability coefficient of rock can be reduced by 1-3 by gas drilling. By establishing the distribution of formation stress in the gas drilling near the wellbore, combined with the influence of the factors such as formation seepage, formation water, formation water and drilling fluid replacement, a model for judging the instability of gas drilling wall is established. The feasibility of increasing the speed of gas drilling is demonstrated. Considering the influence of rock carrying and formation effluent, the calculation model of minimum gas injection rate is established. The effects of mechanical drilling speed and formation water output on gas injection pressure and minimum gas injection rate are analyzed, and the parameters of gas drilling are optimized. The average mechanical drilling speed of the straight well with Xujiahe as the target layer is 3.82 m / h, which is 36.43% higher than that of 2.80 m / h before the implementation of the project. The average drilling speed of directional wells is 3.91 m / h and 2.48 m / h before the implementation of the project, and the average drilling speed of directional wells is increased by 57.66 m / h, and the effect of increasing speed is remarkable. The drilling speed of Jiulongshan deep well is improved by the comprehensive techniques such as bit selection, gas drilling and shaft structure optimization, and the drilling cycle is greatly shortened. The matching speed raising technology has important reference value for the speed raising of similar deep wells.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE242

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