水平井环空化学封隔定位堵水剂的合成及性能评价
发布时间：2019-01-23 09:22
【摘要】：如何提高产油量已成为各油田研究的重点,其中水平井技术是一种重要的手段,水平井可以增加波及系数,提高采油效率,降低综合成本,现已被广泛应用水平井的开发也带来了相关技术的升级,例如在水平井开发过程中出现水窜、水淹等问题,如何对水平井进行堵水是目前亟待解决的难题。目前直井的堵水方法已经很成熟,但是由于水平井结构特殊,采用直井的堵水方法,效果很差,急需针对水平井的实际情况,进行技术攻关。水平井堵水技术的进步可以提高水平井的产能,降低油田开发的综合成本,提高油田的效益,为今后水平井的设计、开发、管理提供很好的技术手段。水平井完井分为：裸眼完井、筛管完井和射孔完井。在水平井的开发过程中,出水有：底水锥进和裂缝突进。目前油田水平井堵水的主要方法有：化学剂笼统注入的方式、机械堵水的方式和环空化学封隔(ACP)的方式机械管柱法堵水的实施及适用范围具还是具有局限性的,对于采用筛管完井的水平井,这种堵水方法就不能实现水平井段筛管与井壁之间环空的分隔与封堵,层内出水变为横向流动沿着割缝流入井筒。化学剂笼统注入技术也具有一定程度上的局限性,在用化学剂笼统注入法进行堵水的过程中,因为没有进行分隔,堵剂一旦进入产层,那么就可能会对产层造成极大的伤害。如果找准了出水层位,那么可以采用水平井环空化学分隔(ACP)法。该技术既可以很好地封堵水平层段的出水,又能够克服化学剂笼统注入法的局限性及风险性,既有效的封堵了出水层位,又防止了引起产能的伤害,很大程度上提高了井下堵水作业的效果,是国内外研究应用的最主要的堵水技术,国内对于环空化学封隔技术的开发与研究目前正处于起步阶段上世纪末,化学封隔定位堵水技术被运用于尼日利亚,沙特阿拉伯等国的油田,验证了这项技术的可操作性,同时也取得了一定的效果,由此而揭开了水平井堵水的新篇章。国内目前该项技术仍处于研究阶段,尤其是堵水材料的研发是该项技术的重点。在各种堵水材料中,聚合物凝胶的强度一般,同时触变性能不好,容易受到重力的作用而导致材料在水平井高部环空密封不严；触变性水泥在安全性方面存在缺陷,同时易污染油气层,各种常见的水平井堵剂很难满足ACP技术对材料的性能要求,合成性能好的材料是当务之急。本文研究了有机类的水平井环空化学封隔定位堵水剂的合成及性能评价。首先,对合成水平井环空化学封隔定位堵水剂所需的骨架材料、单体、触变剂、交联剂、引发剂等进行了筛选,得出了骨架材料是淀粉,接枝单体是丙烯酸,触变剂是三乙醇胺钛,交联剂是甲撑双丙烯酰胺,过氧化氢或过硫酸铵或亚硫酸氢钠-过硫酸铵为引发剂通过接枝共聚反应来合成水平井环空化学封隔定位堵水剂同时对反应的机理进行了探讨,其反应可分为自由基生成,链引发,链增长,链终止等过程,产物中除了含有丙烯酸与淀粉的接枝共聚物,还有丙烯酸的自聚物。其次,系统研究了影响反应的各个因素,如合成时间等,通过考察反应过程中反应体系的粘度、成胶时间、产物的持压强度等性能进行研究,通过实验得到的结论是：当反应时间为12h、反应温度为70℃、引发剂浓度为0.05%、反应物占比为40%、触变剂为0.1%、交联剂为0.1%、丙烯酸/淀粉为1、丙烯酸中和度为70%时,反应体系的黏稠度和成胶时间适中、产物持压性能较好,为了进一步验证上述结论,通过正交实验,选取了淀粉/丙烯酸质量比、反应物浓度、交联剂甲撑双丙烯酰胺浓度、丙烯酸中和度等4组因素,进行试验,得到了各因素对产物持压性能影响的大小。最后,采用DV-Ⅲ粘度计和MR301流变仪对材料的剪切稀释性、触变性、温度和剪切对触变性的影响进行了研究,结果表明ACP粘度与剪切速率成反比,温度越高,ACP恢复网状结构的速度越大,恢复所需的时间越短,ACP的触变性能越强；剪切速率越大,ACP恢复网状结构的速度越大,ACP的触变性能越强。去除ACP中的均聚物,得到纯接枝物,去除淀粉骨架得到接枝链,经计算得出接枝效率为33.49%,接枝率为25.61%[48]。采用红外光谱法对产品进行了表征,证明了ACP材料的合成过程中的确发生了丙烯酸与淀粉的接枝共聚反应。通过降解实验证明ACP材料在破胶剂或生物酶的作用下,能被有效降解。目前只是研究了中低温(90℃)下ACP合成的因素以及配方,高温下的影响因素和配方还有待进一步的研究。
[Abstract]:How to improve the oil production has become the key of the field research, and the horizontal well technology is an important means. The horizontal well can increase the sweep coefficient, improve the oil recovery efficiency and reduce the comprehensive cost. For example, the problem of water channeling, flooding and so on in the development of horizontal well is a difficult problem to be solved urgently. At present, the water blocking method of the straight well is very mature, but due to the special structure of the horizontal well, the water blocking method of the straight well is adopted, the effect is poor, the actual situation of the horizontal well is urgently needed, and the technical problems are solved. The improvement of horizontal well water blocking technology can improve the productivity of horizontal well, reduce the comprehensive cost of oil field development and improve the benefit of the oil field, and provide a good technical means for the design, development and management of the horizontal well in the future. The well completion well is divided into the open hole completion well, the screen completion well and the well completion well. During the development of the horizontal well, the water outlet is: the bottom water cone inlet and the crack penetration. The main method of water blocking of horizontal well in oil field is as follows: the way of general injection of chemical agent, the way of mechanical water blocking and the way of ring space chemical seal (ACP), and the application and application range of the water blocking method are still limited, the water blocking method can not realize the separation and plugging of the ring space between the horizontal well section screen pipe and the well wall, and the water outlet in the layer is changed into transverse flow and flows into the well bore along the cutting seam. The general injection technique of the chemical agent also has some limitations, and in the process of plugging the water by the general injection method of the chemical agent, the blocking agent can cause great harm to the production layer once the separation is not performed and the plugging agent once enters the production layer. The horizontal well ring space chemical separation (ACP) method can be used if the water layer position is found. the technology not only can well seal the water outlet of the horizontal layer section, but also can overcome the limitation and the risk of the general injection method of the chemical agent, It is the most important water-blocking technology for domestic and foreign research and application, and the development and research of the technology of ring-space chemical sealing technology is in the end of the early stage, and the chemical-sealing and positioning water-blocking technology is used in the fields of Nigeria, Saudi Arabia and other countries. The operability of this technology is verified, and a certain effect is also obtained, and a new chapter of the water blocking of the horizontal well is opened. At present, the technology is still in the research stage, especially the research and development of water blocking materials is the key of the technology. In various water-blocking materials, the strength of the polymer gel is generally, the thixotropy can not be good, the material is easy to be subjected to the action of gravity, the material is not tightly sealed in the high-part ring of the horizontal well, the thixotropic cement has the defect of safety, and the oil-gas layer is easy to be polluted, Various common horizontal well plugging agents are difficult to meet the requirements of the ACP technology to the performance of the materials, and the material with good synthesis performance is an urgent matter. In this paper, the synthesis and performance evaluation of the water-blocking agent for the horizontal well of the horizontal well of the organic class are studied. Firstly, the skeleton material, the monomer, the thixotropic agent, the cross-linking agent, the initiator and the like required by the synthetic horizontal well ring space chemical sealing and blocking agent are screened, the framework material is starch, the graft monomer is acrylic acid, the thixotropic agent is triethanolamine titanium, The cross-linking agent is a catalyst for synthesizing a horizontal well ring and an empty chemical seal-blocking water-blocking agent through a graft copolymerization reaction, and the reaction can be divided into free radical generation, The process of chain initiation, chain growth, chain termination and the like, in addition to the graft copolymer containing acrylic acid and starch, and the self-poly of acrylic acid. Secondly, the factors affecting the reaction, such as the synthesis time and so on, were studied. The results of the experiments were as follows: when the reaction time was 12 h, the reaction temperature was 70 鈩，
本文编号：2413666
[Abstract]:How to improve the oil production has become the key of the field research, and the horizontal well technology is an important means. The horizontal well can increase the sweep coefficient, improve the oil recovery efficiency and reduce the comprehensive cost. For example, the problem of water channeling, flooding and so on in the development of horizontal well is a difficult problem to be solved urgently. At present, the water blocking method of the straight well is very mature, but due to the special structure of the horizontal well, the water blocking method of the straight well is adopted, the effect is poor, the actual situation of the horizontal well is urgently needed, and the technical problems are solved. The improvement of horizontal well water blocking technology can improve the productivity of horizontal well, reduce the comprehensive cost of oil field development and improve the benefit of the oil field, and provide a good technical means for the design, development and management of the horizontal well in the future. The well completion well is divided into the open hole completion well, the screen completion well and the well completion well. During the development of the horizontal well, the water outlet is: the bottom water cone inlet and the crack penetration. The main method of water blocking of horizontal well in oil field is as follows: the way of general injection of chemical agent, the way of mechanical water blocking and the way of ring space chemical seal (ACP), and the application and application range of the water blocking method are still limited, the water blocking method can not realize the separation and plugging of the ring space between the horizontal well section screen pipe and the well wall, and the water outlet in the layer is changed into transverse flow and flows into the well bore along the cutting seam. The general injection technique of the chemical agent also has some limitations, and in the process of plugging the water by the general injection method of the chemical agent, the blocking agent can cause great harm to the production layer once the separation is not performed and the plugging agent once enters the production layer. The horizontal well ring space chemical separation (ACP) method can be used if the water layer position is found. the technology not only can well seal the water outlet of the horizontal layer section, but also can overcome the limitation and the risk of the general injection method of the chemical agent, It is the most important water-blocking technology for domestic and foreign research and application, and the development and research of the technology of ring-space chemical sealing technology is in the end of the early stage, and the chemical-sealing and positioning water-blocking technology is used in the fields of Nigeria, Saudi Arabia and other countries. The operability of this technology is verified, and a certain effect is also obtained, and a new chapter of the water blocking of the horizontal well is opened. At present, the technology is still in the research stage, especially the research and development of water blocking materials is the key of the technology. In various water-blocking materials, the strength of the polymer gel is generally, the thixotropy can not be good, the material is easy to be subjected to the action of gravity, the material is not tightly sealed in the high-part ring of the horizontal well, the thixotropic cement has the defect of safety, and the oil-gas layer is easy to be polluted, Various common horizontal well plugging agents are difficult to meet the requirements of the ACP technology to the performance of the materials, and the material with good synthesis performance is an urgent matter. In this paper, the synthesis and performance evaluation of the water-blocking agent for the horizontal well of the horizontal well of the organic class are studied. Firstly, the skeleton material, the monomer, the thixotropic agent, the cross-linking agent, the initiator and the like required by the synthetic horizontal well ring space chemical sealing and blocking agent are screened, the framework material is starch, the graft monomer is acrylic acid, the thixotropic agent is triethanolamine titanium, The cross-linking agent is a catalyst for synthesizing a horizontal well ring and an empty chemical seal-blocking water-blocking agent through a graft copolymerization reaction, and the reaction can be divided into free radical generation, The process of chain initiation, chain growth, chain termination and the like, in addition to the graft copolymer containing acrylic acid and starch, and the self-poly of acrylic acid. Secondly, the factors affecting the reaction, such as the synthesis time and so on, were studied. The results of the experiments were as follows: when the reaction time was 12 h, the reaction temperature was 70 鈩，
本文编号：2413666
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/shiyounenyuanlunwen/2413666.html
