石油酸在风城稠油中的组成分布与赋予形态研究

发布时间：2019-02-08 17:30

【摘要】：随着常规石油资源的日益枯竭,世界原油供应量呈现重质化、劣质化的发展趋势,从分子水平研究石油酸在原油中的组成结构、赋予形态对重质高酸原油资源的高效利用有重要意义。论文针对新疆风城稠油,采用碱醇抽提法分离得到原油及其馏分油中的石油酸,采用现代仪器分析手段对石油酸的组成结构进行分析。结果表明:风城稠油石油酸中环烷酸占79.84%,脂肪酸占20.16%;环烷酸中一环、二环、三环、四环环烷酸/芳环羧酸、五环环烷酸/芳环并一环羧酸及六环环烷酸/芳环并二环羧酸的含量较平均,且处于11.00%～18.88%之间。石油酸中还存在少量3～5环芳香结构物质。220～360℃馏分石油酸以脂肪酸为主,芳环酸含量很少。360～440℃馏分石油酸以环烷酸和芳香酸为主,环烷酸含量略高于芳香酸。440℃馏分石油酸中芳香酸含量较高,其次为环烷酸,脂肪酸含量少。采用四组分分离方法得到沥青质和胶质组分,用元素分析、FT-IR、NMR、XPS等方法对其结构进行表征,并用1H-NMR/IR法计算得到它们的平均分子结构。采用分子动力学模拟方法考察石油酸在风城稠油中的赋予形态,结果表明:环烷酸分子能与胶质或沥青质形成稳定的聚集体,而不能与烷烃、芳烃和环烷烃组分自发形成聚集体。随着环烷酸环数增加,酸分子与胶质的结合能增强。含有环烷环并芳香结构的石油酸分子最易与胶质形成聚集体,其次为环烷酸,脂肪酸与胶质的结合能最弱。
[Abstract]:With the increasing depletion of conventional petroleum resources, the world crude oil supply presents a trend of heavy quality and poor quality. The composition of petroleum acids in crude oil is studied at the molecular level. The conferring form is of great significance to the efficient utilization of heavy and high acid crude oil resources. In this paper, the petroleum acid in crude oil and its distillate is separated by alkali and alcohol extraction method, and the composition of petroleum acid is analyzed by means of modern instrument analysis. The results showed that naphthenic acid and fatty acid accounted for 79.84 and 20.16 respectively in petroleum acid of Fengcheng heavy oil. The contents of monocyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic, tetracyclic naphthenic acid / aromatic cyclocarboxylic acid, pentacyclic naphthenic acid / aromatic monocyclic carboxylic acid and hexachlorocycloalkanoic acid / arocyclic dicyclic carboxylic acid in Naphthenic acid are relatively average, and are in the range of 11.00% or 18.88%. There are also a few aromatic compounds in petroleum acids. The petroleum acids at 220 鈩，

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