Cu-Co复合材料超声催化处理三元复合驱采油废水效能研究

发布时间：2019-03-07 09:20

【摘要】：在能源竞争激烈的时代,石油是一个国家发展至关重要的资源。近年来为提高我国油田石油的采收率,石油业大力推广三次采油技术,导致大量三元复合驱采油废水产生,造成了严峻的环境问题。为了解决传统工艺处理三元复合驱采油废水效率低下以及粘度去除效果差等问题。本课题探究一种高效,快速,清洁的三元复合驱废水处理方法,能够有效去除废水中的粘度,最终使其达到企业废水回用标准。本文以大庆某采油公司三元复合驱废水为研究对象,构建一种新型的石油三元复合驱油区废水处理工艺。研究Cu-Co复合材料超声催化降解聚丙烯酰胺配制废水的效果以及处理实际三元复合驱油废水的最优条件。同时对反应的动力学和机理进行简单探讨。采用化学共沉淀法制备Cu-Co复合材料催化剂,优化催化剂的制备条件,当催化剂n(Cu)/n(Co)为1:1,沉淀剂Na OH的浓度为3 mol/L时催化剂粘度去除效果最佳。通过BET、XPS、SEM等手段对催化剂性质和形貌进行分析,结果表明实验制得的催化剂比表面积为116.463 m2/g,平均孔径3.399 nm。制得催化剂颗粒均匀,属于纳米级催化剂,具有良好的催化性能。利用Cu-Co复合材料超声催化处理聚丙烯酰胺配制废水,采用单因素实验及正交实验优化工艺参数,最佳参数如下:反应时间为30 min,超声功率为300W,催化剂的投加量为0.20 g,H_2O_2浓度8 mmol/L,相应的最优去除率可达到88.7%,处理后的PAM配制废水的粘度和水的粘度相当。比较不同体系的氧化能力以及羟基自由基产量,US/H_2O_2/CAT体系中,由于催化剂以及H_2O_2的存在,反应体系中形成非均相类芬顿体系,产生大量的羟基自由基,具有极强的氧化能力。通过UPLC验证了反应体系中聚丙烯酰胺发生了降解反应,生成了新的物质,PAM发生断链反应,其氧化产物是聚丙烯酰胺的低聚体以及丙烯酸。采用Cu-Co复合材料超声催化处理实际三元复合驱废水,发现本工艺对于实际废水粘度的去除也具有较好的效果。利用红外吸收光谱检测反应前后聚丙烯酰胺的变化,验证了聚丙烯酰胺在体系中发生了断链反应。使用GC-MS分析处理前后的实际废水水样,实验结果表明有机物被降解,生成了新物质。本研究中的Cu-Co复合材料超声催化工艺是一种新型的三元复合驱采油废水处理技术,处理效率高且绿色清洁,具有较好的应用潜力。
[Abstract]:In the era of intense energy competition, oil is a vital resource for the development of a country. In recent years, in order to improve oil recovery in oil fields in China, tertiary oil recovery technology has been widely popularized in petroleum industry, resulting in a large number of ASP flooding wastewater, resulting in serious environmental problems. In order to solve the problems of low efficiency and poor viscosity removal of ASP flooding wastewater treated by traditional process. In this paper, an efficient, fast and clean three-way compound flooding wastewater treatment method is explored, which can effectively remove the viscosity of wastewater and finally meet the reuse standard of enterprise wastewater. In this paper, a new wastewater treatment process for ASP flooding area of Daqing oil recovery company is constructed. The wastewater of ASP flooding area is taken as the research object, and a new type of wastewater treatment process of ASP flooding area is constructed. The effect of ultrasonic catalytic degradation of polyacrylamide compound wastewater with Cu-Co composites and the optimum conditions for treating practical ternary compound oil flooding wastewater were studied. At the same time, the kinetics and mechanism of the reaction were simply discussed. The Cu-Co composite catalyst was prepared by chemical coprecipitation method. The best removal efficiency of the catalyst viscosity was obtained when the catalyst n (Cu) / n (Co) was 1 渭 1 and the concentration of precipitator Na OH was 3 mol/L. The properties and morphology of the catalyst were analyzed by BET,XPS,SEM and other methods. The results showed that the specific surface area of the catalyst was 116.463 m2 / g, and the average pore size of the catalyst was 3.399 nm.. The catalyst particles are uniform and belong to nano-scale catalyst, which has good catalytic performance. Cu-Co composite was used to treat polyacrylamide wastewater by ultrasonic catalysis. The optimum parameters were optimized by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. The optimum parameters were as follows: the reaction time was 30 min, ultrasonic power was 300W, the reaction time was 30 min, the ultrasonic power was 300W, When the dosage of catalyst is 0.20 g, the optimum removal rate of 8 mmol/L, can reach 88.7%. The viscosity of treated PAM wastewater is equal to that of water. The oxidation ability of different systems and the production of hydroxyl radical were compared. In US/H_2O_2/CAT system, due to the presence of catalyst and H_2O_2, heterogeneous Fenton-like system was formed in the reaction system, and a large number of hydroxyl radicals were produced in the reaction system. Have very strong oxidation ability. The degradation reaction of polyacrylamide in the reaction system was confirmed by UPLC, and a new substance was formed. The chain breaking reaction of PAM was carried out. The oxidation product was oligomer of polyacrylamide and acrylic acid. The ultrasonic catalysis of Cu-Co composite was used to treat the real ternary flooding wastewater. It was found that the process also had a good effect on the removal of the viscosity of the actual wastewater. The change of polyacrylamide before and after the reaction was detected by infrared absorption spectrum, and the chain breaking reaction of polyacrylamide in the system was verified. GC-MS was used to analyze the actual wastewater samples before and after treatment. The experimental results showed that the organic matter was degraded and a new substance was formed. In this study, Cu-Co composite ultrasonic catalytic process is a new type of ASP flooding wastewater treatment technology, high efficiency and green clean, has a good application potential.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X741

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