用音波信号测定法判定输气管线泄漏情况的研究
发布时间：2019-03-09 19:44
【摘要】：近年来随着国家西气东输、北油南输工程的推进,长距离输油气管线已经越来越广泛的应用于油气资源的传输工作中,由于一些物理和化学反应的作用,管线泄漏问题变的越来越突出,严重制约了管道输油气的正常进行。如何第一时间检测出管线泄漏的相关参数,对维护管线的正常运行至关重要。音波泄漏检测法就是一种有效的管线测漏方法,其具有定位精度高、灵敏性高、适应性强、误报率低、操作简单等诸多优点,是当今管道泄漏检测技术中的研究热点。然而现今的音波测漏技术仅仅处于研究使用的初始阶段,由于受到信号判断技术与处理方式的制约,没有从泄漏信号产生的源头对信号参数进行深入的研究,只是通过泄漏信号频段特征的情况,对泄漏情况做出预判,其准确性并不高。本文将深入研究泄漏音波信号的产生机理和传播衰减方式,使用计算机语言模拟泄漏位置的液体喷射状态;将获取的泄漏音波信号进行频域、时域与时频联合处理,进而获取到泄漏音波信号的主要特征,同时研究孔径、压力对其的作用;升级高压输气管道泄漏检测装置,构建音波数据采集和处理系统,完成实验室条件下音波传播特性的研究;构建泄漏音波传播和衰减理论模型,使用室内实验的方法与声学软件模拟对模型进行了修正,最终建立了泄漏音波传播模型。以此模型为理论基础,指导和优化音波泄漏检测技术的现场应用,完成研究到成果的最终转化。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of the National West-East Gas Transmission Project and the North-South Oil Transmission Project, long-distance oil and gas pipelines have been more and more widely used in the transmission of oil and gas resources. Due to the role of some physical and chemical reactions, The problem of pipeline leakage becomes more and more prominent, which seriously restricts the normal transmission of oil and gas. How to detect the parameters of pipeline leakage in the first time is very important to maintain the normal operation of pipeline. Acoustic leakage detection is an effective pipeline leak detection method. It has many advantages, such as high positioning accuracy, high sensitivity, strong adaptability, low false alarm rate, simple operation and so on. It is a hot research topic in pipeline leakage detection technology nowadays. However, the current acoustic leak detection technology is only in the initial stage of research and application. Because of the restriction of signal judgment technology and processing method, the signal parameters have not been deeply studied from the source of leakage signal generation. Only through the leakage signal frequency band characteristics, to predict the leakage situation, its accuracy is not high. In this paper, the generation mechanism and propagation attenuation mode of leakage acoustic signal will be deeply studied, and the liquid jet state of leakage location will be simulated by computer language. The leaky acoustic signal is processed in frequency domain, time domain and time-frequency, then the main characteristics of leakage acoustic signal are obtained, and the effects of aperture and pressure on the leakage acoustic signal are studied at the same time. Upgrade the leak detection device of high-pressure gas pipeline, construct the sound wave data acquisition and processing system, complete the research of sound wave propagation characteristics under laboratory conditions; The theoretical model of leakage acoustic wave propagation and attenuation is constructed, and the model is modified by the method of indoor experiment and acoustic software simulation. Finally, the leakage acoustic wave propagation model is established. Based on this model, this model guides and optimizes the field application of acoustic leakage detection technology, and completes the transformation from the research to the final results.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE973.6
，
本文编号：2437791
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of the National West-East Gas Transmission Project and the North-South Oil Transmission Project, long-distance oil and gas pipelines have been more and more widely used in the transmission of oil and gas resources. Due to the role of some physical and chemical reactions, The problem of pipeline leakage becomes more and more prominent, which seriously restricts the normal transmission of oil and gas. How to detect the parameters of pipeline leakage in the first time is very important to maintain the normal operation of pipeline. Acoustic leakage detection is an effective pipeline leak detection method. It has many advantages, such as high positioning accuracy, high sensitivity, strong adaptability, low false alarm rate, simple operation and so on. It is a hot research topic in pipeline leakage detection technology nowadays. However, the current acoustic leak detection technology is only in the initial stage of research and application. Because of the restriction of signal judgment technology and processing method, the signal parameters have not been deeply studied from the source of leakage signal generation. Only through the leakage signal frequency band characteristics, to predict the leakage situation, its accuracy is not high. In this paper, the generation mechanism and propagation attenuation mode of leakage acoustic signal will be deeply studied, and the liquid jet state of leakage location will be simulated by computer language. The leaky acoustic signal is processed in frequency domain, time domain and time-frequency, then the main characteristics of leakage acoustic signal are obtained, and the effects of aperture and pressure on the leakage acoustic signal are studied at the same time. Upgrade the leak detection device of high-pressure gas pipeline, construct the sound wave data acquisition and processing system, complete the research of sound wave propagation characteristics under laboratory conditions; The theoretical model of leakage acoustic wave propagation and attenuation is constructed, and the model is modified by the method of indoor experiment and acoustic software simulation. Finally, the leakage acoustic wave propagation model is established. Based on this model, this model guides and optimizes the field application of acoustic leakage detection technology, and completes the transformation from the research to the final results.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE973.6
，
本文编号：2437791
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