番禺35-2海底输气管道冲蚀规律研究
发布时间：2019-03-20 21:24
【摘要】：针对番禺35-2海底输气管道系统,井口开采出来的天然气中夹带着一定的砂粒,其含量在5×10-5kg/s～1×10-3kg/s范围内,在不断开采运行过程中,流动介质中的砂粒将会持续冲击壁面造成一定的冲蚀破坏,但番禺35-2海底输气管道易发生冲蚀的位置、当前工况条件下的冲蚀状况、冲蚀作用对管道正常运行的影响程度以及应该采取何种措施进行预防等问题并未可知,因此,针对以上问题,基于流体动力学和冲蚀理论,建立了冲蚀模型,采用理论与仿真模拟相结合的方法,利用ANSYS Fluent软件对该管道系统中的跨接管、T型管和节流阀进行了冲蚀仿真预测,开展了不同影响因素的对比模拟分析,为准确定位其易冲蚀的部位以及制定预防措施提供了依据。 具体的研究内容和得出的主要结论如下： (1)确立了微切削理论、变形磨损理论、锻造挤压理论和二次冲蚀理论为番禺35-2海底输气管道中砂粒造成冲蚀破坏的具体形式提供参考。 (2)建立了输气管道的冲蚀模型,为后续要进行的冲蚀仿真模拟提供了理论依据。连续相采用RNG κ-ε湍流模型,颗粒相采用离散相模型,通过交替求解连续相控制方程和离散相运动方程来实现离散相与连续相的双向耦合,冲蚀速率模型采用Fluent中定义的冲蚀速率公式,并针对离散相边界条件进行了分别设置,近壁面区域采用壁面函数法进行处理,采用有限体积法对控制方程进行离散化处理,基于SIMPLE算法求解压力与速度的耦合关系。 (3)进行了网格无关性分析,以y+为判据进行了多组模拟对比分析,从而确定了网格划分方式及边界层设置,避免了由于网格因素而引起模拟结果的误差,进行了冲蚀仿真模拟有效性验证,通过将模拟结果与实例相对比验证了模拟的可行性和准确性。 (4)通过对番禺35-2海底输气管道系统中的跨接管、T型管和节流阀模拟分析得到易产生冲蚀的位置为：①跨接管的弯管外拱处；②T型管交汇处的迎流壁面处和出口端底部；③节流阀阀芯迎流壁面处和阀芯与节流孔交接处以及下端管道内壁面处。模拟得到的最大冲蚀速率分别为0.54mm/a、0.11mm/a、0.34mm/a,表明该管道系统在输送介质含砂的情况下,在目前工况条件下可以正常运行,但运行较长时间后即在其设计寿命的后期将会存在一定的风险,需要采取一定的预防措施。 (5)应用单一变量法针对跨接管和T型管进行了影响因素分析,建立了多组冲蚀仿真模型,通过设定不同的变量参数,得到的变化规律为：①冲蚀速率随着流速的增大而增大；②冲蚀速率随着质量流量的增大而增大；③冲蚀速率随着形状系数的增大而减小,但是其减小的幅度在形状系数为0.3到0.6之间时较大,随后减小幅度逐渐变小；④冲蚀速率随着直径的增大先变小,然后再增大,增大到一定值时保持基本不变。 (6)应用灰色关联分析法分析得到流速对冲蚀速率的影响最大,砂粒直径、砂粒质量流量、砂粒形状系数三者的值比较接近,但与前者相比要小一些,因此,控制流速是减缓冲蚀的关键。在以上分析的基础上,提出了一些预防或减缓冲蚀的措施。在实际生产中,可以采取对易冲蚀部位进行局部加厚、控制砂粒流速或质量流量、关停和再启动时注意保持平稳性以及定期进行安全检查等措施。 通过模拟得到的冲蚀速率云图可以准确发现和定位番禺35-2海底输气管道系统中存在潜在危险的位置,采取一定的预防措施能够有效地保证管道运行的安全,避免管道损坏引起的损失。
[Abstract]:For Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system, the natural gas produced by the wellhead is entrained with certain sand, the content of which is in the range of 5-10-5 kg/ s-1-10-3 kg/ s, and during the continuous mining operation, the sand in the flowing medium will continuously impact the wall surface to cause a certain erosion damage, However, in Panyu 35-2, the erosion-prone position of the submarine gas pipeline, the erosion condition under the current working condition, the effect of the erosion on the normal operation of the pipeline and the measures to be taken for prevention and the like are not known, Based on the fluid dynamics and the erosion theory, the erosion model is established, and the method of combining the theory with the simulation is used to predict the cross-connecting pipe, the T-shaped pipe and the throttle valve in the pipeline system by using the ANSYS Fluent software, and the contrast simulation analysis of different influencing factors is carried out. So as to provide the basis for accurately positioning the easy-to-be-eroded parts and the development of the preventive measures. The specific research contents and main conclusions are as follows: (1) Micro-cutting theory, deformation and wear theory, forging and extrusion theory and secondary erosion theory are established for the concrete form of erosion damage caused by sand in the submarine gas pipeline of Panyu 35-2. for reference. (2) The erosion model of gas pipeline is established, which is provided for subsequent erosion simulation The two-way coupling of the discrete phase and the continuous phase is realized by the alternating solution of the continuous phase control equation and the discrete phase motion equation. The formula of the corrosion rate is given, and the boundary conditions of the discrete phase are respectively set. The wall-wall function method is used to process the near-wall surface area. The finite volume method is used to discretize the control equation, and the pressure and velocity are solved based on the SIMPLE algorithm. (3) The grid-independent analysis is carried out, and the multi-group simulation and comparison analysis is carried out with y + as the criterion, so that the grid division mode and the boundary layer setting are determined, the error of the simulation result due to the grid factors is avoided, and the erosion simulation is carried out. The simulation validation is validated by comparing the simulation results to the instance's relative ratios Feasibility and accuracy. (4) It is easy to generate erosion by simulating the cross-connecting pipe, T-shaped pipe and throttle valve in Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system. the bottom of the wall surface and the outlet end; the junction of the valve core and the valve core at the junction of the valve core and the orifice at the flow-on wall surface of the choke valve core; And the maximum erosion rate can be 0.54mm/ a, 0.11mm/ a and 0.34 mm/ a respectively. There will be a certain risk and need Some preventive measures are taken. (5) A single variable method is applied to analyze the influence factors of the cross-pipe and the T-shaped pipe, and a plurality of sets of erosion simulation models are established. the rate of erosion is increased with the increase of the flow rate; the erosion rate is increased with the increase of the mass flow; the erosion rate decreases with the increase of the shape factor, but the magnitude of the decrease is larger when the shape factor is between 0.3 and 0.6, and then the decrease in amplitude is gradually reduced; and the erosion rate The rate increases with the increase of the diameter, and then increases, increases, (6) The influence of the flow velocity on the erosion rate, the diameter of the sand, the mass flow of the sand and the coefficient of sand shape are close to each other, but it is smaller than that of the former, The control flow rate is the key to reduce the erosion. On the basis of the above analysis, the paper puts forward Some measures for preventing or slowing the erosion can be taken. In the actual production, it is possible to adopt local thickening to the erodible part, to control the sand flow rate or the mass flow, and to keep the stability while stopping and restarting. And the safety inspection and other measures are carried out on a regular basis. The simulated erosion rate cloud image can accurately detect and position the position of the potential danger in the Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system, and take certain preventive measures to effectively ensure the pipeline operation.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973
[Abstract]:For Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system, the natural gas produced by the wellhead is entrained with certain sand, the content of which is in the range of 5-10-5 kg/ s-1-10-3 kg/ s, and during the continuous mining operation, the sand in the flowing medium will continuously impact the wall surface to cause a certain erosion damage, However, in Panyu 35-2, the erosion-prone position of the submarine gas pipeline, the erosion condition under the current working condition, the effect of the erosion on the normal operation of the pipeline and the measures to be taken for prevention and the like are not known, Based on the fluid dynamics and the erosion theory, the erosion model is established, and the method of combining the theory with the simulation is used to predict the cross-connecting pipe, the T-shaped pipe and the throttle valve in the pipeline system by using the ANSYS Fluent software, and the contrast simulation analysis of different influencing factors is carried out. So as to provide the basis for accurately positioning the easy-to-be-eroded parts and the development of the preventive measures. The specific research contents and main conclusions are as follows: (1) Micro-cutting theory, deformation and wear theory, forging and extrusion theory and secondary erosion theory are established for the concrete form of erosion damage caused by sand in the submarine gas pipeline of Panyu 35-2. for reference. (2) The erosion model of gas pipeline is established, which is provided for subsequent erosion simulation The two-way coupling of the discrete phase and the continuous phase is realized by the alternating solution of the continuous phase control equation and the discrete phase motion equation. The formula of the corrosion rate is given, and the boundary conditions of the discrete phase are respectively set. The wall-wall function method is used to process the near-wall surface area. The finite volume method is used to discretize the control equation, and the pressure and velocity are solved based on the SIMPLE algorithm. (3) The grid-independent analysis is carried out, and the multi-group simulation and comparison analysis is carried out with y + as the criterion, so that the grid division mode and the boundary layer setting are determined, the error of the simulation result due to the grid factors is avoided, and the erosion simulation is carried out. The simulation validation is validated by comparing the simulation results to the instance's relative ratios Feasibility and accuracy. (4) It is easy to generate erosion by simulating the cross-connecting pipe, T-shaped pipe and throttle valve in Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system. the bottom of the wall surface and the outlet end; the junction of the valve core and the valve core at the junction of the valve core and the orifice at the flow-on wall surface of the choke valve core; And the maximum erosion rate can be 0.54mm/ a, 0.11mm/ a and 0.34 mm/ a respectively. There will be a certain risk and need Some preventive measures are taken. (5) A single variable method is applied to analyze the influence factors of the cross-pipe and the T-shaped pipe, and a plurality of sets of erosion simulation models are established. the rate of erosion is increased with the increase of the flow rate; the erosion rate is increased with the increase of the mass flow; the erosion rate decreases with the increase of the shape factor, but the magnitude of the decrease is larger when the shape factor is between 0.3 and 0.6, and then the decrease in amplitude is gradually reduced; and the erosion rate The rate increases with the increase of the diameter, and then increases, increases, (6) The influence of the flow velocity on the erosion rate, the diameter of the sand, the mass flow of the sand and the coefficient of sand shape are close to each other, but it is smaller than that of the former, The control flow rate is the key to reduce the erosion. On the basis of the above analysis, the paper puts forward Some measures for preventing or slowing the erosion can be taken. In the actual production, it is possible to adopt local thickening to the erodible part, to control the sand flow rate or the mass flow, and to keep the stability while stopping and restarting. And the safety inspection and other measures are carried out on a regular basis. The simulated erosion rate cloud image can accurately detect and position the position of the potential danger in the Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system, and take certain preventive measures to effectively ensure the pipeline operation.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973
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