克拉玛依常渣悬浮床加氢裂化集总动力学模型的研究

发布时间：2019-03-29 20:55

【摘要】：随着世界范围内原油重质化、劣质化的日益严重,渣油悬浮床加氢裂化作为一种有效的重油轻质化加工工艺广受关注,建立一个能够准确描述渣油悬浮床加氢裂化反应过程,并对产物分布进行预测的动力学模型,对于指导反应器设计、操作条件优化等有着很重要的意义。本文以克拉玛依常渣(KAR)为原料,在高压反应釜中,对KAR在不同条件下进行加氢裂化实验,模拟渣油悬浮床加氢裂化过程,根据实验数据对六集总动力学模型进行适用性考察,并在反应规律及适用性考察结果的基础上,开发了九集总动力学模型。研究表明,不同反应条件对KAR悬浮床加氢裂化影响不同,温度的影响要大于反应时间和氢初压。高温、低压、延长反应时间有利于KAR悬浮床加氢裂化反应的进行。孤岛渣油六集总动力学模型的参数并不适用于KAR悬浮床加氢裂化反应体系,根据后者的实验数据,采用(4,5)阶龙格-库塔法与最小二乘法相结合,通过MATLAB编程,对六集总动力学模型参数重新估算,得到的KAR悬浮床加氢裂化六集总动力学模型适用性较好,但存在胶质、沥青质估算相对误差较大的情况,在此基础上,将气体+馏分油集总进行细致划分,开发了KAR悬浮床加氢裂化九集总动力学模型,各集总分别为气体、汽油、柴油、蜡油、饱和分、芳香分、胶质、沥青质、焦。根据反应规律,构建了反应网络,推导出动力学方程组,并对动力学参数进行求解,误差均小于10%,大部分误差小于5%。根据435℃、7MPa条件下的实验数据对模型进行验证,各产品收率预测相对误差均小于10%,轻油产品相对误差基本小于5%,所建立的九集总动力学模型适用于KAR悬浮床加氢裂化反应体系,且准确度较高,对渣油悬浮床加氢裂化工艺的进一步发展具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:With the heavy and deterioration of crude oil in the world, the residue suspension bed hydrocracking, as an effective heavy oil light processing process, has been paid more and more attention, and an accurate description of the residue suspension bed hydrocracking process has been established, which can be used to describe the process of residue suspension bed hydrocracking, which can be used to describe the reaction process of residue suspension bed hydrocracking. The kinetic model to predict the product distribution is of great significance for guiding the reactor design and optimizing the operation conditions. In this paper, the hydrocracking experiments of KAR under different conditions were carried out using Karamay residue (KAR) as feedstock in a high pressure reactor to simulate the hydrocracking process of residue suspension bed. Based on the experimental data, the applicability of the six-lumped kinetic model was investigated, and the nine-lumped kinetic model was developed on the basis of the reaction law and the results of the investigation of the applicability of the six-lumped kinetic model. The results show that different reaction conditions have different effects on hydrocracking of KAR suspension bed, and the effect of temperature is greater than that of reaction time and hydrogen initial pressure. High temperature, low pressure and extended reaction time are beneficial to the hydrocracking of KAR suspension bed. The parameters of the six lumped kinetic model of Gudao residue are not suitable for the hydrocracking system of KAR suspension bed. According to the experimental data of the latter, the (4,5) order Runge-Kutta method combined with the least square method is adopted and programmed by MATLAB. By re-estimating the parameters of the six lumped kinetic model, the obtained six lumped kinetic model of KAR suspension bed hydrocracking has good applicability, but the relative error of the resin and asphaltene estimation is large, on the basis of which, the results show that the six lumped kinetic model is suitable for hydrocracking in suspension bed hydrocracking. A nine-lumped kinetic model for hydrocracking of KAR suspension bed was developed. Each lumped was gas, gasoline, diesel oil, wax oil, saturated fraction, aromatic fraction, colloid, asphaltene and coke. According to the reaction law, the reaction network was constructed, and the kinetic equations were deduced. The error was less than 10%, and most of the errors were less than 5%. According to the experimental data under the condition of 435C and 7MPa, the relative error of the yield prediction of each product is less than 10%, and the relative error of the light oil product is less than 5%. The nine-lumped kinetic model is suitable for the hydrocracking reaction system of KAR suspension bed, and the accuracy is high, which has certain guiding significance for the further development of residual oil suspension bed hydrocracking process.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE624

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