苏丹原油加工工艺选择和研究

发布时间：2019-04-08 14:33

【摘要】：随着世界经济的飞速发展,人们对石油的依赖程度也越来越高,在近几十年里,世界各国对石油产品的需求,无论在数量上还是在品种上都有了很大的增加,石油继续往深加工方向发展,更加注重把石油炼制和石油化工有机地结合起来,实现资源利用的最大化。近些年来,人们对环境保护的认识也在日益提高,对石油产品的品质要求越来越严格,这一方面增加了石油加工的难度,另一方面也促使从事石油加工的科技人员研究开发新技术、新工艺以满足新质量标准的要求,这也使得炼油工业的技术水平有了不断地提高。原油的来源不同,原油的质量各异,原油向重质化、劣质化的方向的发展,都给石油炼制提出了更高的要求,需要针对不同的原油找出最适合、最优化的工艺路线,以满足市场的需求,企业也能获得最大的经济效益[1]。本文对原油的性质和原油的评价方法进行了论述,对当今主要的石油加工的工艺流程及其特点进行了介绍,对各种石油产品的质量指标进行了分析和研究,并提出原油加工工艺路线选择的原则和方法。文章重点对苏丹国三种不同性质的原油进行了分析评价,并以其中一种原油为例,结合苏丹市场对石油产品的需求以及目前喀土穆炼厂的产品状况,利用工艺模拟技术,选择一条最佳的工艺路线,既满足市场对柴油最大化的要求,又满足市场对产品标号以及环保对产品质量标准提高的要求。本文在定性分析的基础上,选择了加氢裂化方案、催化裂化方案、延迟焦化方案等三条原油加工工艺路线进行了定量的计算和分析,通过比较三者的柴汽比、轻质油收率、符合欧4标准的95号汽油的产量等经济技术指标,最终得出加氢裂化方案是最佳工艺路线的结论。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the world economy, people have become more and more dependent on oil. In recent decades, the world's demand for petroleum products, both in terms of quantity and variety, has greatly increased. Oil continues to develop in the direction of deep processing, paying more attention to the organic combination of petroleum refining and petrochemical industry, so as to maximize the utilization of resources. In recent years, people's awareness of environmental protection is also increasing, and the quality requirements of petroleum products are becoming more and more strict. On the one hand, this has increased the difficulty of petroleum processing. On the other hand, the scientific and technical personnel engaged in petroleum processing are also urged to research and develop new technologies and new processes to meet the requirements of new quality standards, which makes the technical level of oil refining industry continuously improved. The different sources of crude oil, the different quality of crude oil, the development of crude oil to the direction of heavy and inferior quality, all put forward higher requirements for petroleum refining, and it is necessary to find the most suitable and optimized process route for different crude oil. In order to meet the needs of the market, enterprises can also obtain maximum economic benefits [1]. In this paper, the properties of crude oil and the evaluation method of crude oil are discussed, the technological process and characteristics of the main petroleum processing are introduced, and the quality indexes of various petroleum products are analyzed and studied. At the same time, the principle and method of selecting crude oil processing route are put forward. This paper focuses on the analysis and evaluation of three different kinds of crude oil in Sudan. Taking one crude oil as an example, combined with the demand for petroleum products in the Sudanese market and the product status of Khartoum refineries at present, the process simulation technology is used. An optimal process is chosen to meet not only the requirement of maximization of diesel oil in the market, but also the requirement of product label and environmental protection to improve the quality standard of the product. On the basis of qualitative analysis, three crude oil processing routes, hydrocracking scheme, catalytic cracking scheme and delayed coking scheme, were selected for quantitative calculation and analysis. The economic and technical indexes such as the output of No. 95 gasoline accord with Euro-4 standard, and the conclusion is that the hydrocracking scheme is the best process route.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE624

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