利用城市生活废水培养栅藻以生产生物柴油的研究

发布时间：2019-04-09 20:11

【摘要】：鉴于采用废水进行微藻培养并生产生物柴油可以有效节省微藻培养成本,甚至会带来额外的经济收益,该研究选取了自行筛选分离的产油微藻斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)和四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda),对其在上海市4家城市污水处理厂进出水共7个水样中的生长性能和氮磷利用率进行了检测。结果显示,批式培养试验中2种栅藻能较好地适应其中6个水样并保持正常生长状态,且优势度均在98%以上。6 d内微藻对氨氮、总氮和总磷的去除率分别为96%~100%、81%~96%、76%~99%,显示出较好的氮磷利用能力。但在对数生长期内2种微藻均不积累油脂,实际运行中需要另加油脂积累环节。半连续式培养研究结果表明,在每2 d换水1次,每次200 mL的换水周期中,南汇城市污水厂的进水能使四尾栅藻及斜生栅藻的生长速度基本稳定在0.20和0.28 g/(L·d)左右,藻种优势度保持在90%左右。研究结果显示,在合适的培养条件下,利用未处理污水培养产油藻以连续运行是可行的,但污水培养的关键问题将是在水力停留时间和微藻停留时间之间找到合适的平衡点,而经济有效的微藻采收回流手段及优势藻种控制技术将是今后的研究重点。
[Abstract]:In view of the fact that the use of wastewater for microalgae culture and the production of biodiesel can effectively save the cost of microalgae culture and even bring additional economic benefits, In this study, the growth performance and nitrogen and phosphorus utilization efficiency of seven water samples from four municipal wastewater treatment plants in Shanghai were tested by self-screening and isolation of the oil-producing microalgae, (Scenedesmus obliquus) and (Scenedesmus quadricauda),. The results showed that the two species could adapt well to 6 water samples and maintain normal growth state in batch culture test, and the dominance was above 98%. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus by microalgae in 6 days were 96% ~ 100%, respectively, and the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were 96% and 100% respectively, and the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were 96%. 81% / 96%, 76% / 99%, showing better nitrogen and phosphorus utilization. However, in logarithmic growth period, the two microalgae do not accumulate oil and fat, and it is necessary to add additional oil accumulation link in the actual operation. The results of semicontinuous culture showed that during the cycle of water exchange once every 2 days and 200 mL each time, The influent of Nanhui municipal sewage plant can make the growth rate of four-tailed and slant-growing algae stable at 0.20 g / (L 路d) and 0.28 g / (L 路d), and the dominant degree of algae species is about 90%. The results show that it is feasible to use untreated wastewater to culture oil-producing algae for continuous operation under suitable culture conditions, but the key problem of wastewater cultivation will be to find a suitable balance between hydraulic retention time (HRT) and microalgae retention time (MRT). The economical and effective methods of collecting and returning microalgae and controlling the dominant algae species will be the focus of the research in the future.
【作者单位】：上海海洋大学水产与生命学院;
【基金】：国家海洋局可再生能源专项基金(SHME2011SW02) 上海高校海洋科学一流学科建设项目资助上海市自然基金(12ZR1444900)
【分类号】：TE667;X799.3

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