炼油厂低温热替代高品质蒸汽加热的技术经济性分析

发布时间：2019-04-26 08:50

【摘要】：能源的利用关系到国计民生和国民经济的可持续发展,而低温热的合理利用可以有效的提高能源的利用效率,很多生产企业普遍存在着丰富而又被未利用的低温热,但由于重视度不够,很多被白白浪费掉。本文首先通过对当前低温热利用状况进行综合论述,概括了低温热利用的各种有效手段和途径。然后本文从不同角度,重点选取了炼油企业最具有代表性的低温热水、低温油品这两类常见的低温热,通过具体案例对其如何替代蒸汽加热进行技术经济性分析,其中,罐区维温由于油品温度要求不高,可考虑采用低温热水来代替高品质蒸汽加热,文章通过有代表性的罐区改造角度出发,通过反复迭代优化计算,得出罐区的散热量和油品升温吸热量以及热水可以提供的热量,指出在不对储罐现有加热器进行改造的情况下,本文案例的热水可以满足罐区油品维温的需要,当油品需快速升温时可启用原来的蒸汽加热系统,采用混合加热的方式,这样能以最小的投资合理回收余热,每年挖潜增效120多万元,效果显著;低温油品温度较高,而锅炉给水加热要求热量较多,温度要求稍高,可采用低温油品来代替高品质蒸汽加热锅炉给水,文章从跨装置热联合利用的角度出发,通过软件计算出热量交换、换热器选型等关键数据和设备,新建相应设施,满足锅炉水加热的需要,并通过有无对比法和前后对比法等经济分析法,得出低温油品来代替高品质蒸汽加热项目效果非常显著的结论。本文还对低温热回收对炼油综合能耗指标的影响进行分析,以引起对低温热利用的重视。文章指出,大多数企业低温热资源很丰富,在新装置建设时应充分考虑回收利用,特别在老装置运行过程中要注重热联合应用,以充分利用低温热,从而实现挖潜增效、提高经济效益的目的。
[Abstract]:The use of energy is related to the national economy and people's livelihood and the sustainable development of the national economy, and the rational use of low temperature and heat can effectively improve the efficiency of energy utilization. Many production enterprises generally have abundant and unused low temperature heat. But due to lack of emphasis, many have been wasted in vain. In this paper, all kinds of effective methods and ways of low temperature heat utilization are summarized through comprehensive discussion on the current low temperature heat utilization. Then, from different angles, this paper chooses the most representative low-temperature hot water and low-temperature oil products, which are the most representative low-temperature hot water in oil refining enterprises, and makes technical and economic analysis on how to replace steam heating through specific cases, among which, Because of the low requirement of oil temperature, low temperature hot water can be used to replace high quality steam heating in tank area. In this paper, the optimization calculation is carried out repeatedly and iteratively from a representative point of view of tank area transformation. The heat dissipation of the tank yard and the heat absorption of the oil product and the heat that the hot water can provide are obtained. It is pointed out that the hot water in this case can meet the need of maintaining the temperature of the oil product in the tank area without the modification of the existing heater of the storage tank. When the oil products need to heat up rapidly, the original steam heating system can be used and mixed heating mode can be adopted, so that the waste heat can be recovered reasonably with the smallest investment, and the potential can be tapped up to more than 1.2 million yuan per year, and the effect is remarkable. Low-temperature oil products have higher temperature, but boiler feedwater heating requires more heat and higher temperature requirements. Low-temperature oil products can be used to replace high-quality steam heating boiler feed water. This paper starts from the point of view of combined utilization of cross-plant heat. Key data and equipment such as heat exchange and heat exchanger type selection are calculated by software, corresponding facilities are built to meet the needs of boiler water heating, and economic analysis methods, such as comparison method and fore-and-aft comparison method, are adopted. It is concluded that the effect of low temperature oil instead of high quality steam heating project is very remarkable. This paper also analyzes the influence of low temperature heat recovery on the comprehensive energy consumption index of oil refining, so as to arouse the attention of low temperature heat utilization. The paper points out that most enterprises are rich in low temperature heat resources, and that recycling and utilization should be fully considered in the construction of new units, especially in the operation of old units, so as to make full use of low temperature and heat, so as to realize tapping potential and increasing efficiency. The purpose of improving economic efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE683

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