新疆油田环玛湖地区优快钻井技术研究

发布时间：2019-04-27 12:24

【摘要】：环玛湖地区位于新疆准噶尔盆地西北缘,是公认的富烃凹陷。近年来,多口探井相继在各斜坡区获得高产工业油气流,展示了该区良好的勘探前景,是建设“新疆大庆”油气增储上产的主要接替区。环玛湖地区地层发育较全,自上而下依次为白垩系吐谷鲁群组、侏罗系(齐古组、头屯河组、西山窑组、三工河组、八道湾组)、三叠系(白碱滩组、克拉玛依上亚组、克拉玛依下亚组、百口泉组)、二叠系(乌尔禾组、夏子街组、风城组和佳木河组)。三叠系以上地层可钻性较好,但侏罗系八道湾组地层底部砾岩发育,厚度100-350m不等,导致PDC钻头难以突破,且下部地层可钻性差,地层致密坚硬、研磨性强,给钻头选型和特殊工具提速技术优选带来了一定难度,导致机械钻速低,钻井周期长、单井成本高,严重制约了该区的勘探开发进程。为了实现环玛湖地区优快钻井,突破侏罗系八道湾组底部砾岩地层,解决深部地层机械钻速低、钻井成本高的问题,本文采用现场资料分析、室内岩石力学试验、数理统计等方法对环玛湖地区的岩石力学参数进行分析计算,得到岩石力学参数剖面,对钻头选型、个性化PDC钻头优选和特殊提速工具优选进行了分析研究,同时对深部地层气基欠平衡提速技术进行了应用分析,主要研究内容如下：(1)对环玛湖地区勘探地质特征进行了分析总结。通过分析完钻井资料,明确了该区的钻井提速难点。开展岩心室内试验,测定了泊松比、弹性模量、抗压强度等参数,对岩石力学参数进行分析计算,得到岩石力学参数剖面。(2)采用比能法初选钻头及现场使用效果分析法优选钻头,分别对环玛湖地区完钻井的钻头使用效果进行了评价,并对个性化PDC钻头进行了优选分析,优选出了适合环玛湖地区高效钻头序列。(3)分析研究不同特殊提速工具的工作原理及特点,通过环玛湖地区的试验应用,对其进行了优选,明确了扭力冲击器+PDC钻头在该区的提速效果,并对其成本进行了分析,为该区钻井提速降本增效提供了参考。(4)针对环玛湖下部地层致密坚硬、可钻性差等特点,优选气基流体欠平衡钻井技术,开展气基流体欠平衡钻井携水机理和携水能力研究,提出了应对地层出水的针对性措施,并对气液转换原则和工艺技术进行研究。通过对以上几个方面的研究,本论文在地层岩石力学特性研究基础上,综合应用多口井的测井及实钻资料,根据钻头优选、特殊特速工具优选评价、气基欠平衡钻井提速技术分析研究,实现了钻井综合提速。通过本论文研究形成的提速技术,为环玛湖地区优快钻井,加快勘探开发进程提供了理论基础和技术支撑。
[Abstract]:The Huanmahu area, located in the northwest margin of Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, is generally recognized as a hydrocarbon-rich depression. In recent years, many exploration wells have obtained high-yield industrial oil and gas flow in each slope area successively, which shows the good exploration prospect in this area, and is the main replacement area for the construction of "Daqing, Xinjiang" oil-gas increasing storage and production area. From top to bottom, the strata in the Huamahu area are the Tugu Lu formation of the Cretaceous, the Jurassic (Qigu formation, Toutunhe formation, Xishan Yao formation, Sangong he formation, Badaowan formation), the Triassic (White Alkali formation, Karamay Upper Subgroup) and the Triassic (White Alkali formation, Karamay Upper Subgroup). Karamay Lower Subgroup, Baikouquan formation), Permian (Wuerhe formation, Xiazijie formation, Fengcheng formation and Jiamuhe formation). The drillability of the strata above Triassic is good, but the conglomerate in the bottom of Jurassic Badaowan formation is developed with thickness ranging from 100 to 350 m, which makes it difficult to break through the PDC bit, and the lower formation is poor in drillability, tight and hard in formation and strong in abrasiveness. It brings some difficulty to the selection of bit type and the optimization of special tool speed-up technology, which leads to low drilling rate, long drilling cycle and high cost of single well, which seriously restricts the exploration and development process in this area. In order to realize excellent and fast drilling in Huanmahu area, break through the conglomerate formation at the bottom of Jurassic Badaowan formation, solve the problems of low drilling rate and high drilling cost in deep formation, this paper adopts field data analysis and laboratory rock mechanics test. The rock mechanics parameters in Huimahu area are analyzed and calculated by means of mathematical statistics and other methods. The rock mechanics parameter profiles are obtained. The selection of drill bit, the optimization of individual PDC bit and the optimization of special speed-raising tools are analyzed and studied. At the same time, the application of gas-based underbalanced velocity-raising technology in deep strata is analyzed. The main contents are as follows: (1) the geological characteristics of exploration in Huanma Lake area are analyzed and summarized. Through the analysis of drilling completion data, the difficulty of increasing drilling speed in this area is clear. Core laboratory tests were carried out, Poisson's ratio, elastic modulus, compressive strength and other parameters were measured, and the rock mechanical parameters were analyzed and calculated. The rock mechanics parameter profile is obtained. (2) the drill bit is selected by the specific energy method and the field effect analysis method is used to select the bit, and the use effect of the drill bit in Huanmahu area is evaluated respectively. The optimum selection and analysis of personalized PDC bit are carried out, and the high efficiency bit sequence suitable for Huimahu area is optimized. (3) the working principle and characteristics of different special speed-raising tools are analyzed and studied, through the experimental application in Huanma Lake area. In this paper, the optimum selection of the PDC bit is made, and the speed-up effect of the torque impactor bit in this area is defined, and its cost is analyzed, which provides a reference for the drilling speed-up and lowering the cost and increasing efficiency in this area. (4) in view of the tight and hard formation in the lower part of Huanma Lake, Due to poor drillability, gas-based underbalanced drilling technology is optimized, water-carrying mechanism and water-carrying capacity of under-balanced gas-based fluid drilling are studied, and corresponding measures to deal with formation effluent are put forward. The principle and technology of gas-liquid conversion are studied. Through the study of the above aspects, based on the study of the mechanical properties of the formation rock, this paper comprehensively applies the logging and drilling data of multiple wells, and evaluates it according to the optimum selection of drill bits and the optimization of special speed tools. The gas-based underbalanced drilling speed-up technology is analyzed and studied, and the comprehensive drilling speed-up is realized. The speed-up technology developed in this paper provides theoretical basis and technical support for high-speed drilling in Huanma Lake area and speeding up exploration and development process.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE242

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