GIS在油气管道完整性管理应用研究
发布时间：2019-04-27 20:08
【摘要】：随着国民经济的快速发展,油气管道的建设在促进经济的发展中起着举足轻重的地位。由于长期以来油气管道的管理模式和手段导致油气管道管理效率低,并且在处理管道突发事故的应变能力与分析决策力已经难以适用于当今管道的安全管理。油气管道的完整性管理就是通过对管道运营中面临的安全因素进行识别和评价,制定相应的风险控制对策,改善不利因素,使管道处于安全运营状态的一种科学化的维护和管理手段。而地理信息系统(GIS)可以对油气管道的相关地理分布数据进行分析和显示,使得油气管道以可视化的形式展现出来。本文首先针对油气管道运输的特点,对油气管道的完整性管理的现状和管道在运行中所面临的风险因素和影响管道完整性管理的重要因素进行分析。针对油气管道完整性管理模型和管道风险因素,提出管道风险评价流程图,并总结管道风险评价的技术关键点。同时依据ASMEB31G和API579等完整性管理标准总结管道腐蚀的评价方法,建立内腐蚀评价流程图。另外,通过管道的评价和预测结果建立管道修复程序来对管道的内腐蚀和外腐蚀缺陷进行修复,对管道地质灾害进行详细分析后总结管道地质灾害的防治手段。其次通过使用Mapinfo软件对管道所处的信息建立地理图层,将管道以直观的可视化形式展现出来,并整合空间数据、属性数据和管道运行数据,建立GIS监测数据库模型,通过GIS强大的数据分析能力来对管道的运行状况进行监测,并及时判断出管道潜在危险,并在地理图层中对其进行定位,同时开发移动终端GPS定位功能,并与GIS系统集成为管道完整性管理提供决策,使得管道的风险能及时得到控制。最后在实验室环境下对延安—西安段成品油管道进行模拟,对潜在的危险点在地理图层中进行快速定位,并选择最近的抢修人员对潜在危险点进行检查和修复,确保管道正常运行,提高油气管道运行的安全性和可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy, the construction of oil and gas pipeline plays an important role in promoting the development of economy. Because of the long-term management mode and means of oil and gas pipeline, the management efficiency of oil and gas pipeline is low, and it is difficult to apply to the safety management of pipeline nowadays because of the ability of strain and analysis and decision-making in dealing with the sudden accident of pipeline. The integrity management of oil and gas pipeline is to identify and evaluate the safety factors in the pipeline operation, to formulate the corresponding risk control countermeasures, and to improve the unfavorable factors. A scientific means of maintaining and managing pipelines in a state of safe operation. The geographic information system (GIS) can analyze and display the relevant geographical distribution data of oil and gas pipeline, which makes the pipeline display in the form of visualization. Firstly, according to the characteristics of oil and gas pipeline transportation, this paper analyzes the present situation of integrity management of oil and gas pipeline, the risk factors faced by the pipeline in operation and the important factors that affect the integrity management of oil and gas pipeline. In view of the integrity management model of oil and gas pipeline and pipeline risk factors, the flow chart of pipeline risk assessment is put forward, and the technical key points of pipeline risk assessment are summarized. At the same time, according to the integrity management standards such as ASMEB31G and API579, the evaluation method of pipeline corrosion is summarized, and the flow chart of internal corrosion evaluation is established. In addition, through the evaluation and prediction results of the pipeline, the pipeline repair program is established to repair the internal and external corrosion defects of the pipeline. After the detailed analysis of the pipeline geological hazards, the prevention and treatment measures of the pipeline geological disasters are summarized. Secondly, through the use of Mapinfo software to establish the geographic layer of the pipeline information, the pipeline is displayed in visual form, and the spatial data, attribute data and pipeline running data are integrated, and the GIS monitoring database model is established. Through the powerful data analysis ability of GIS, the pipeline operation condition is monitored, and the potential danger of the pipeline is judged in time, and it is located in the geographical layer. At the same time, the mobile terminal GPS positioning function is developed at the same time. And integrated with GIS system to provide decision-making for pipeline integrity management, so that pipeline risk can be controlled in time. Finally, under the environment of laboratory, the product pipeline of Yan'an-Xi'an section is simulated, and the potential dangerous points are located quickly in the geographical layer, and the nearest repair personnel is selected to inspect and repair the potential dangerous points. Ensure the normal operation of pipeline, improve the safety and reliability of oil and gas pipeline operation.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973
本文编号：2467272
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy, the construction of oil and gas pipeline plays an important role in promoting the development of economy. Because of the long-term management mode and means of oil and gas pipeline, the management efficiency of oil and gas pipeline is low, and it is difficult to apply to the safety management of pipeline nowadays because of the ability of strain and analysis and decision-making in dealing with the sudden accident of pipeline. The integrity management of oil and gas pipeline is to identify and evaluate the safety factors in the pipeline operation, to formulate the corresponding risk control countermeasures, and to improve the unfavorable factors. A scientific means of maintaining and managing pipelines in a state of safe operation. The geographic information system (GIS) can analyze and display the relevant geographical distribution data of oil and gas pipeline, which makes the pipeline display in the form of visualization. Firstly, according to the characteristics of oil and gas pipeline transportation, this paper analyzes the present situation of integrity management of oil and gas pipeline, the risk factors faced by the pipeline in operation and the important factors that affect the integrity management of oil and gas pipeline. In view of the integrity management model of oil and gas pipeline and pipeline risk factors, the flow chart of pipeline risk assessment is put forward, and the technical key points of pipeline risk assessment are summarized. At the same time, according to the integrity management standards such as ASMEB31G and API579, the evaluation method of pipeline corrosion is summarized, and the flow chart of internal corrosion evaluation is established. In addition, through the evaluation and prediction results of the pipeline, the pipeline repair program is established to repair the internal and external corrosion defects of the pipeline. After the detailed analysis of the pipeline geological hazards, the prevention and treatment measures of the pipeline geological disasters are summarized. Secondly, through the use of Mapinfo software to establish the geographic layer of the pipeline information, the pipeline is displayed in visual form, and the spatial data, attribute data and pipeline running data are integrated, and the GIS monitoring database model is established. Through the powerful data analysis ability of GIS, the pipeline operation condition is monitored, and the potential danger of the pipeline is judged in time, and it is located in the geographical layer. At the same time, the mobile terminal GPS positioning function is developed at the same time. And integrated with GIS system to provide decision-making for pipeline integrity management, so that pipeline risk can be controlled in time. Finally, under the environment of laboratory, the product pipeline of Yan'an-Xi'an section is simulated, and the potential dangerous points are located quickly in the geographical layer, and the nearest repair personnel is selected to inspect and repair the potential dangerous points. Ensure the normal operation of pipeline, improve the safety and reliability of oil and gas pipeline operation.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973
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