天然气输送管道放空管设计方法研究

发布时间：2019-05-21 23:39

【摘要】：放空系统作为天然气管道和集输站场安全设施的重要组成部分,对保障天然气安全生产和利用起着泄放系统压力、减小事故后果的作用。目前我国标准规范中对于天然气站场和管道放空管的设置均是参照美国行业规范标准制定,但我国基本情况与美国差异较大,且我国在引用API RP521的放空管设计方法时并不清楚其方法理论来源。论文同时考虑天然气管道放空管设计投资和放空风险两方面因素,提出了放空管的设计方法,对今后完善我国放空管设计标准具有一定借鉴意义。本文主要完成了以下几个方面的工作： (1)调研国内外放空管设计方法现状,分析放空管设计的影响因素与进展,为天然气管道放空管设计方法研究提供理论基础。 (2)基于流体力学基本理论,对放空管道进行水力分析,得到放空管放空时气体流动的水力特性,并确定天然气站场和管道放空系统的放空量和放空时间,为放空管的设计从理论上提供科学依据。 (3)通过将放空管放空天然气产生的风险转化为以经济考量,将放空管的风险分析和成本效益分析结合在一起建立基于放空管风险性与成本效益的天然气管道放空管设计计算模型,求解模型得到不同地区等级下放空管最优高度设计计算式,并与现有放空管设计方法进行分析对比,结果表明,采用本研究方法设计的放空管高度更低,投资更小。 (4)针对含硫天然气管道,其放空管设计方法与常规天然气管道放空管设计方法相同,通过分析对比两种放空方式的风险,结果表明,含硫天然气更适合使用点火放空,并确定了与含硫天然气相关的系数,得到不同地区等级下含硫天然气管道放空管最优高度计算式。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the safety facilities of natural gas pipelines and gathering and transportation stations, the emptying system plays an important role in ensuring the safe production and utilization of natural gas and reducing the pressure of the system and reducing the consequences of the accident. At present, the setting of natural gas station and pipeline vent pipe in the standard code of our country is formulated with reference to the standard of American industry, but the basic situation of our country is quite different from that of the United States. Moreover, when the design method of API RP521 is used in China, the theoretical source of the method is not clear. At the same time, considering the investment and risk of natural gas pipeline vent pipe design, this paper puts forward the design method of natural gas pipeline vent pipe, which has certain reference significance for perfecting the design standard of natural gas pipeline vent pipe in the future. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) to investigate the present situation of the design method of the vent pipe at home and abroad, to analyze the influencing factors and progress of the design of the vent pipe, and to provide a theoretical basis for the research of the design method of the drainage pipe of natural gas pipeline. (2) based on the basic theory of fluid mechanics, the hydraulic analysis of the emptied pipeline is carried out, and the hydraulic characteristics of the gas flow during the emptying of the emptied pipe are obtained, and the emptying quantity and time of the natural gas station and pipeline emptying system are determined. It provides a scientific basis for the design of air release control in theory. (3) by translating the risks arising from the emptying of natural gas into economic considerations, Combining the risk analysis and cost-benefit analysis of the vent pipe, the design and calculation model of the natural gas pipeline drainage pipe based on the risk and cost-benefit of the vent pipe is established. The optimal height design formulas of decentralized air traffic control in different regions are obtained by solving the model, and the results are analyzed and compared with the existing design methods of air traffic control. The results show that the height of discharge control designed by this research method is lower and the investment is smaller. (4) for the sulfur-bearing natural gas pipeline, the design method of the vent pipe is the same as that of the conventional natural gas pipeline. By analyzing and comparing the risks of the two emptying modes, the results show that the sulfur-containing natural gas is more suitable for ignition and emptying. The coefficients related to sulfur-bearing natural gas are determined, and the formula for calculating the optimal height of sulfur-bearing natural gas pipeline vent pipe under different regional grades is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973.1

【参考文献】