液体管道堵塞检测及定位技术研究

发布时间：2019-05-28 07:44

【摘要】：随着我国经济的发展和城镇化的不断推进,石油和天然气工业进入一个高速发展的时期,管道运输这种输送方式在国民经济、国防工业生产和人们的日常生活中,正发挥着极为重要的作用。我国幅员辽阔,油气管道所处的环境较为复杂,高寒地区可能发生冻堵,海底管道可能由于通球发生堵塞,这些特殊的自然环境加大了排堵的难度,且作业成本较高。因此,探寻一种迅速、可靠、实用的手段对管道内堵塞状况进行检测,对堵塞位置进行定位,可以为管理者制定排堵计划提供信息,减小排堵作业成本,降低由于管道堵塞造成的停输经济损失。较为全面的调研了应用于管道堵塞检测的相关技术,按其原理和适应的情况对这些技术分别进行了分类论述。对管道堵塞在线监测技术进行了研究和讨论,对两种不同的在线监测堵塞发生的方法进行了讨论。建立了管道模型,研究了模型求解方法,对两种不同在线监测堵塞的方法进行了分析。针对管道发生完全堵塞的情况,进行了基于瞬态的压力信号分析法堵塞检测技术的研究。确定了压力波在管道内传播速度的计算方式。对利用小波进行信号去噪的方式进行了研究。信号去噪后,利用小波进行信号奇异性分析,研究了不同小波基、分解层次、消失矩对信号分析的影响。研究了利用小波变换模极大值与Lipschitz指数的关系进行奇异性判定的方法。对堵塞检测系统进行了设计,明确了堵塞检测系统的工作任务,根据其任务研究了该套堵塞检测系统应具有的特点,整理出清晰的设计思路。分别对堵塞检测系统的瞬态发生装置、数据采集单元、堵塞点计算单元进行了设计。进行了堵塞检测系统计算单元的软件开发,使用MATLAB语言GUI模块开发了具有友好图形界面的进行堵塞点定位的软件,并结合现场实验数据进行了堵塞点识别。
[Abstract]:With the development of China's economy and the continuous progress of urbanization, the oil and natural gas industry has entered a period of rapid development. Pipeline transportation is the mode of transportation in the national economy, national defense industry production and people's daily life. Is playing an extremely important role. The environment of oil and gas pipelines in China is vast, the environment of oil and gas pipelines is more complex, freezing and blocking may occur in high and cold areas, and submarine pipelines may be clogged through the ball. These special natural environments make it more difficult to discharge blockages, and the operation cost is high. Therefore, exploring a rapid, reliable and practical means to detect the blockage in the pipeline and locate the blockage position can provide information for the manager to make the blockage plan and reduce the cost of the blockage operation. Reduce the economic loss of shutdown caused by pipeline blockage. The related technologies applied to pipeline blockage detection are investigated comprehensively, and these technologies are classified and discussed according to their principle and adaptation. The on-line monitoring technology of pipeline blockage is studied and discussed, and two different methods of on-line monitoring blockage are discussed. The pipeline model is established, the solving method of the model is studied, and two different methods of on-line monitoring blockage are analyzed. Aiming at the complete blockage of pipeline, the blockage detection technology based on transient pressure signal analysis is studied. The calculation method of pressure wave propagation velocity in pipeline is determined. The method of signal denoising using wavelet is studied. After signal denoising, wavelet is used to analyze the singularity of the signal, and the effects of different wavelet bases, decomposition levels and disappearance moments on the signal analysis are studied. The method of determining singularity by using the relationship between modulus Maxima of wavelet transform and Lipschitz index is studied. The blockage detection system is designed, the working task of the blockage detection system is defined, according to its task, the characteristics of the blockage detection system are studied, and a clear design idea is sorted out. The transient generating device, data acquisition unit and blockage point calculation unit of the blockage detection system are designed respectively. The software of the calculation unit of blockage detection system is developed, and the software of blocking point location with friendly graphical interface is developed by using MATLAB language GUI module, and the blocking point identification is carried out with the field experimental data.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973.6

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