冲压载荷作用下埋地油气管道动力响应与安全评估研究

发布时间：2019-06-06 08:21

【摘要】：埋地管道作为油气输送的一种有效手段,与现代工农业生产和人民生活的关系越来越密切,随着公路、铁路等基础设施的大量修建,由振动机组产生的冲压荷载必然对邻近埋地管道周围的地层产生扰动,给埋地管道的正常使用和安全运行带来不利影响。而油气管道一发生运行事故破裂、爆管或渗漏,除了管道系统自身损坏造成的直接损失外,还有可能引发严重的次生灾害,造成土壤和地下水的污染,导致巨大的经济损失甚至人员伤亡,危及社会生产与生活安全。因此,为保障管道的安全,也为工程建设顺利进行,研究机械冲压荷载对埋地管道的影响及控制已成为当前岩土工程界和管道安全保护亟待解决的一项重要课题。有鉴于此,本文借助于理论分析、有限元数值计算对机械冲压荷载作用下埋地管道的受力性状进行了综合研究,以此评估和控制振动机组对邻近埋地管道的影响。本文对振动机组产生的冲压载荷作了定性和定量描述,建立冲压载荷冲击物理模型,从理论上推导冲压载荷的解析表达式。在波动理论的基础上,分析冲击引起的振动波在岩土体中的传播特性和衰减规律,并估算振动波在土体中的影响范围。考虑土壤作用下,确定管道-土壤振动分析模型,推导出地下油气管道在冲击载荷作用下的振动微分方程。采用数值模拟方法,结合工程问题,建立管土非线性接触有限元计算模型,进行管道固有振动特性研究和瞬态动力响应分析。最后在数值模拟和理论分析的基础上,对冲压载荷作用下埋地油气管道安全性进行评估,并将其应用于实际工程中。
[Abstract]:As an effective means of oil and gas transportation, buried pipelines are more and more closely related to modern industrial and agricultural production and people's lives. With the construction of a large number of infrastructure such as roads, railways and so on, The stamping load produced by the vibration unit will inevitably disturb the strata around the buried pipeline, which will bring adverse effects on the normal use and safe operation of the buried pipeline. In addition to the direct loss caused by the damage of the pipeline system itself, the oil and gas pipeline may also cause serious secondary disasters, resulting in the pollution of soil and groundwater. Resulting in huge economic losses and even casualties, endangering the safety of social production and life. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of pipeline and the smooth progress of engineering construction, the study of the influence and control of mechanical stamping load on buried pipeline has become an important issue to be solved urgently in geotechnical engineering and pipeline safety protection. In view of this, with the help of theoretical analysis and finite element numerical calculation, the mechanical behavior of buried pipeline under mechanical stamping load is comprehensively studied in order to evaluate and control the influence of vibration unit on adjacent buried pipeline. In this paper, the stamping load produced by vibration unit is described qualitatively and quantitatively, the physical model of stamping load impact is established, and the analytical expression of stamping load is deduced theoretically. On the basis of wave theory, the propagation characteristics and attenuation law of vibration wave caused by impact in rock and soil are analyzed, and the influence range of vibration wave in soil is estimated. Considering the action of soil, the pipeline-soil vibration analysis model is determined, and the vibration differential equation of underground oil and gas pipeline under impact load is derived. The nonlinear contact finite element model of pipe and soil is established by numerical simulation method combined with engineering problems, and the natural vibration characteristics and transient dynamic response analysis of pipeline are carried out. Finally, on the basis of numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, the safety of buried oil and gas pipelines under stamping load is evaluated and applied to practical engineering.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TE973

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