两汉《五行志》中的日食记录研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 20:17

本文关键词：两汉《五行志》中的日食记录研究　出处：《天文学报》2015年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：研究内容如下:(1)考察了朱文鑫先生"两汉日食考"中的142次日食数据,比对西汉(东汉)时期《中国古代天象记录总集》,所得公历日期与其同者计38次(61次),占70%(85%),所得结论与其同者42次(61次),占78%(85%).两汉《五行志》记日食计126次,其中无食21次,首都不见7次,日出前9次,日没后1次,见食凡88次,占70%,见食地通常为首都.(2)借助笔者建立的中国历史时期的日期转换平台考察两汉《五行志》日食的历日记录,由此对两汉历谱精度进行了评估.西汉(东汉)行用历法中月、日的标准误差分别为0.31月(0.17月)和0.97日(0.74日).(3)同时亦研究了两汉日食位置记录的精度,得出西汉(东汉)太阳位置记录的标准误差为11.08?(6.63?),扣除可能的错记则为9.30?(3.59?).指出若两汉的距星相同,则东汉时期太阳位置的观测误差均值为2.8?,远好于西汉时期的8.2?;若两者存在差异,则它们多出在误差偏大的宿中.(4)尝试通过有食分描述的日食记录确定?T(ET-UT)取值,同时得出"既"的食分范围为0.969～1.0,"几尽"为0.829～0.985,"不尽如钩"为0.861～0.926.
[Abstract]:The contents of the study are as follows: 1) the data of 142 solar eclipses in Zhu Wenxin's "the examination of the solar eclipse in the two Han dynasties" were studied and compared with the record of ancient Chinese celestial phenomena during the Western Han Dynasty (Eastern Han Dynasty). The Gregorian calendar dates were 38 times and 61 times, accounting for 7085 times, and the conclusions were 42 times and 61 times). In the Han Dynasty, there were 126 solar eclipses, of which 21 were without food, 7 were not seen in the capital, 9 were before sunrise, and 1 was not followed by the day. See all the 88 eclipses, accounting for 70%. By means of the date conversion platform of the Chinese historical period established by the author, this paper investigates the calendar records of the solar eclipse in the Han Dynasty. Therefore, the accuracy of the calendar spectrum of the Han Dynasty was evaluated. The Western Han Dynasty (the Eastern Han Dynasty) used the middle moon of the calendar. The standard errors were 0.31 months (0.17 months) and 0.97 days (0.74 days), respectively, and the accuracy of the position records of the eclipses of the Han and Han dynasties were also studied. The standard error of the solar position record in the Western Han Dynasty (Eastern Han Dynasty) is 11.08? 6.63? Is the deduction for possible errors 9.30? 3.59? It is pointed out that if the distance between the stars in the Han Dynasty is the same, the mean value of the observation error of the solar position in the Eastern Han Dynasty is 2.8? Was much better than 8.2 in the Western Han Dynasty? If there is a difference between the two, they are more likely to be determined by the record of eclipses described by the eclipse, where the error is too large. At the same time, the range of food content of "both" is 0.969U 1.0, "Jiduo" is 0.829 ~ 0.985and "not such as hook" is 0.861n 0.926.
【作者单位】：中国科学院国家天文台;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(10973022,11403062)资助
【分类号】：P125.11
【正文快照】： 1引言中国古代天象记录丰富,日食作为一种特殊的天象,历代帝王极为重视,由此保留下来的日食数据又成为现代天文研究的重要内容.比较著名的古代日食资料有:“仲康日食”、“诗经日食”及《春秋经》中的37次日食.但有时对文献中的天象记事,也需仔细甄别,考其真伪[1].《元史》“

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