月球表面FeO丰度反演与火星大气沙尘悬浮层数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 09:29

本文关键词：月球表面FeO丰度反演与火星大气沙尘悬浮层数值模拟研究　出处：《华东师范大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着深空探测战略的稳步推进,月球和火星已成为我国空间探测的重要研究对象。同时近期发布的《国土资源“十三五”科技创新发展规划》中提出,积极推进行星地质研究,开展火星和月球试验场建设研究、“地-月-火星”对比研究；组织月球与火星地质编图等内容。这将进一步推进我国深空探测与行星科学的发展。我国第一颗自主绕月卫星嫦娥一号搭载的干涉成像光谱仪(Interference Imaging Spectrometer, IIM)获取了大量月球高光谱数据。虽然已有研究对ⅡM数据开展了数据处理和应用研究,但ⅡM数据预处理过程仍存在问题,主要有坏点噪声未能得到较好地去除,利用月壤样品定标的反射率产品与月球表面实际情况相差较大,交叉定标过程采用的参考地基望远镜数据过少,不足以代表月球表面复杂多样的地物类型,处理后的ⅡM反射率数据在拼接过程中边界明显,光度均一性差。沙尘是火星大气气溶胶重要组成部分,其空间分布影响着火星大气的热力平衡。搭载于Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter上的Mars Climate Sounder (MCS)发现了火星沙尘在大气行星边界层之上存在明显的悬浮特征。在春夏季,该悬浮层夜间高度维持在约20km高空处；在秋冬季,悬浮层夜间高度变化较为剧烈,变化幅度可达20km。MCS观测发现的火星大气沙尘悬浮层在之前的观测和研究中均未被发现,这一大尺度广泛存在的悬浮层形成机制尚不清楚。针对上述内容,本论文开展了相关的科学研究,并取得一定进展与突破。主要研究结果与结论如下：(1)为了去除ⅡM数据中坏点噪声,本文提出了一种基于光谱角和欧式距离的坏点检测与修正算法,经过目视和与其它研究对比分析发现,新方法可以较好地去除ⅡM数据中的坏点,坏点识别准确,误判率低；为了改进ⅡM反射率定标,本文提出一种新的ⅡM数据在轨定标方式,通过建立四类光度模型对ⅡM数据进行光度校正,获得月表真实反射率产品,研究结果表明新的ⅡM反射率产品光度均一性得到显著改善,相邻影像边界问题被很好地去除,同时摆脱了以月壤样品反射率为参考的定标方法导致的ⅡM反射率过高问题；本文还通过引入更多精度较高、代表地物类型更多的地基望远镜数据进行ⅡM高光谱数据交叉定标研究以修正ⅡM数据在近红外波段反射率过低的问题。(2)本文对经过预处理的ⅡM数据开展了FeO反演最优波段选择的研究,通过设置对比实验,研究发现对于ⅡM数据来说,经过交叉定标的891 nm波段是最适合月球FeO反演的近红外波段；基于此,本文利用ⅡM数据反演了全月FeO丰度,研究结果发现本文反演结果与Clementine反演结果整体趋势一致,月海FeO丰度较高,高地较低,本文反演的FeO丰度在月海地区比Clementine反演FeO丰度略低,在高地地区比Clementine反演结果略高。(3)为了能够在GCM中模拟MCS观测的火星大气沙尘悬浮层,本文在LMDMars GCM中设计并实施了“火箭”沙尘暴物理参数化过程,研究结果表明,在火星秋冬季节,在添加“火箭”沙尘暴物理参数化后,GCM具备了模拟沙尘悬浮层的能力,且模式模拟的沙尘悬浮层的形成和演化均与MCS观测相吻合；研究结果还发现沙尘暴对流导致悬浮层高度在垂直方向上剧烈变化,该变化与观测相符。因此,在全球尺度上,“火箭”沙尘暴是火星秋冬季沙尘悬浮层形成机制之一；研究结果还发现,仅考虑“火箭”沙尘暴过程,模式无法模拟出火星春夏季沙尘悬浮层结构；(4)为继续探究火星大气沙尘悬浮层在春夏季形成原因,本文在LMD MarsGCM中设计并实施了日间坡度风效应物理参数化过程,研究结果表明,在日间坡度风的作用下,GCM可以重现春夏季沙尘悬浮层结构,模式模拟的悬浮层高度和变化趋势与MCS观测具有可比性,因此说明坡度风是春夏季MCS观测的大气沙尘悬浮层的主要形成原因。模拟发现坡度风作用下形成的沙尘悬浮层高度在垂直方向上变化小,说明坡度风产生的对流比“火箭”沙尘暴产生的对流要弱。
[Abstract]:With the steady progress of deep space exploration strategy, the moon and Mars has become an important research object in space exploration. At the same time, the recent release of the "land resources" in 13th Five-Year "the innovation of science and technology development plan > proposed to actively promote the development of planetary geology, Mars and the moon test field construction research," research "- month - contrast the moon and Mars Mars; organization of geological mapping and so on. This will further promote the development of deep space exploration and planetary science. China's first independent lunar satellite Chang'e interference imaging spectrometer, equipped with (Interference Imaging Spectrometer, IIM) to obtain a large number of lunar hyperspectral data. Although research has carried out data study on the processing and application of M II M II data, but the data pretreatment process is still a problem, the main point has not been effectively remove noise, calibration using the regolith sample counter The surface of the moon at a rate of products and the difference among the actual situation, cross reference calibration process using ground-based telescope data is too small, not enough to represent the feature type of the lunar surface complex, II M reflectivity data after a sharp boundary in the splicing process, photometric uniformity. Dust aerosol is an important part of Mars, the space the distribution affects the thermodynamic equilibrium of the Martian atmosphere. Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter equipped with Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) found in the atmosphere of Mars dust on the planetary boundary layer has obvious suspension characteristics. In spring and summer, the suspension layer remained at about 20km at night high altitude; in the autumn and winter, the suspension layer height change at night the more violent, the atmosphere of Mars dust suspension layer change rate of up to 20km.MCS observation found in previous studies and observations have not been found, a large scale wide The suspension layer ubiquitous formation mechanism is not clear. In view of the above content, this paper carried out the relevant scientific research, and have made certain progress and breakthrough. The main research results and conclusions are as follows: (1) in order to remove the noise of dead M data, this paper proposes a fault detection and correction algorithm for angle and Euclidean distance the optical spectrum based on the visual and other research results, the new method can effectively remove dead II M data, defect recognition accuracy, low misjudgment rate; in order to improve the calibration of reflectivity of M, this paper proposes a new M data on orbit calibration methods, through the establishment of four kinds of photometric model on the M data obtained from photometric calibration, the true reflectance products, the results of the study show that M photometric uniformity of new reflectivity products has been significantly improved, the adjacent image boundary problem is well removed, while getting rid of the In the lunar soil samples reflectance calibration method of the reference to the problem of high reflectivity M II; through the introduction of more precision, more representative types of telescope data of M hyperspectral data cross calibration study to correct the problem in the near infrared reflectance of low M data (2) in this paper. After M data preprocessing to carry out research on selection of FeO inversion optimal bands, by setting the contrast experiment, the study found that M data, after 891 nm band cross calibration is the most suitable for the near infrared band of FeO inversion; based on this, this paper uses M data inversion of the whole month of FeO abundance the results showed that this inversion results and Clementine results overall trend, Maria FeO high abundance, high low FeO abundance in the sea area than the Clementine inversion inversion of FeO abundance slightly Low in upland regions. The results of Clementine inversion is slightly higher (3) in order to simulate the Mars atmospheric dust suspension layer observed by MCS in GCM, this paper designed and implemented the "physical parameters of rocket" Sandstorm Process in LMDMars GCM, the results of the study show that, in the autumn and winter festival on Mars, "added physical parameters the rocket" sandstorm after, GCM has the ability to simulate dust suspension layer, and the formation of dust suspension layer in the model simulation and evolution are consistent with MCS observations; the research results also show that the sandstorm convection causes dramatic changes in suspension height in the vertical direction, consistent with the change and observation. Therefore, in the global scale on the "rocket" sandstorm is Mars in autumn and winter dust formation mechanism of the suspension layer; the study also found that only consider the "rocket" Sandstorm Process Model to simulate Martian spring and summer dust suspension layer structure; (4) to continue to explore Mars atmospheric dust suspension layer in the spring and summer causes, this paper design and implement the daytime slope wind effect physical parameters in the process of LMD MarsGCM, the results show that the slope under the action of wind in the daytime, GCM can reproduce in spring and summer dust suspension layer structure model to simulate the suspension height and the changing trend and MCS observations are comparable, so that the slope wind is the main causes of spring and summer MCS observations of atmospheric dust suspended layer. Simulation shows that dust suspension layer is formed under the action of gradient wind height in the vertical direction change is small, that convection generated by wind slope than the "rocket" sandstorm to be weak.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P184;P185.3

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