存而不究:中古《天文志》变化浅析

发布时间：2018-01-08 13:29

本文关键词：存而不究:中古《天文志》变化浅析　出处：《史学集刊》2015年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：《天文志》是正史志书中的一个重要而传统的组成部分,但不同时期呈现出不同的特点。在篇幅上,唐初以前所修史书中,《天文志》所占篇幅达到10%以上,而宋以后则在6%左右。在内容上,《天文志》开始以记录各星辰位置意义为主,而后加入与人事上的联系。这股潮流在南北朝至唐初所修诸史达到了高潮,几乎每一种星象都有其特定的含义,即"占",同时也会有相应的事件与之对应,即"应"。同时,这一时期开始增添对观测技术、宇宙构成讨论的记载。而随着时代的发展,史家们逐渐抛弃了关于"占"、"应"的部分。只留下天体客观的运动现象。一方面,这是因为宋以后的朝代,都是以征服前一王朝而建立,与中古时期的禅让政治有所不同。较之以前,各开国君主减少了用天命、德运、星象、符瑞等神秘事物来确立自己的权威的需要。《天文志》的重要性有所下降,其在诸志中所占份额自然越来越小。另一方面,由于史书编撰方法、思想学风发生改变,政府对星占之术的打压、天文官僚的前途变窄等一系列因素,使得《天文志》中逐渐剔除了"占"、"应"之内容,变得更为客观。
[Abstract]:< > is the traditional astronomical records and is an important part of the history records, but there are different features in different periods. In length, the previous history book, < > space astronomical records reached more than 10%, and the Song Dynasty is about 6%. In the content, "astronomy Chi > began to record the position of the stars and then added significance, contact personnel. This trend in the northern and Southern Dynasties to the early Tang Dynasty repair history reached a climax, almost every kind of astrology has its specific meaning, namely" occupation ", there will also be a corresponding event with it. The" should be ". At the same time, this period began to add up the universe observation technology, discussion records. With the development of the times, historians gradually abandoned on the" accounts "and" should be ". Leaving only movement phenomena in celestial objective. On the one hand, this is because after the Song Dynasty, all is to conquer the former dynasty built Li, different from the medieval Shanrang politics. Compared with the past, the founding monarch with the destiny, Deyun, astrology, importance of auspicious signs and mysterious things need to establish their own authority. "Astronomical Chi declined, its share in the history of nature more and more. Another the compilation of history, method, thought style change, the government pressure on the operation of astrology, astronomy and bureaucratic future narrowing and a series of factors, the < > astronomical Chi gradually remove the" accounts "and" should be "content, become more objective.

【作者单位】：武汉大学历史学院;
【分类号】：P1-092
【正文快照】： 天体运动作为人类可以直观看到的一种自然现象,与人类生活息息相关。人类也对其进行不断的观察和探索,这从历代政权都设有专门的天文机构就可以看出。1天文技术官员们通过长期观测星象运行,留下了大量的记录,成为历代正史《天文志》中的重要素材。然而,由于古代技术水准的限制

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