引力透镜效应与暗物质探测

发布时间：2018-01-10 03:01

本文关键词：引力透镜效应与暗物质探测　出处：《自然杂志》2010年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：引力透镜是广义相对论引申的强引力场中特殊的光学效应。20世纪80年代以来,天文观测发现了许多引力透镜效应的实例,包括"爱因斯坦环"。一些本来很难探测的非常遥远、非常暗弱的天体,幸亏引力透镜效应而进入当代天文学家的视野。"大爆炸"70万年以后,宇宙处于延续4～5亿年的"黑暗年代",物质大体呈均匀结构,没有任何自主发光的天体。星光灿烂的辉煌时期始于何时?引力透镜效应的观测给出了相关信息。被称为21世纪"两朵乌云"之一的暗物质,比所有人类已知物质的总量多4倍以上,不发出任何辐射,不可能被直观测到。引力透镜效应作为发现宇宙暗物质的探针,在寻找暗物质确实存在的直接证据和分析暗物质的空间分布方面作出了贡献。
[Abstract]:Gravitational lensing is a special optical effect in the strong gravitational field extended by general relativity. Since 80s, astronomical observations have found many examples of gravitational lensing effect. Including the "Ein Stein Ring". Some very remote, very dark objects, which were otherwise difficult to detect, entered the field of view of contemporary astronomers thanks to the gravitational lensing effect. 700,000 years after the Big Bang. The universe is in the "dark age" of 4 to 500 million years, the material is generally homogeneous structure, there are no self-luminous celestial bodies. When did the brilliant period of starlight? Observations of the gravitational lensing effect provide information. Dark matter, known as one of the "two black clouds" of 21th century, is more than four times more than all known human matter and does not emit any radiation. Gravitational lensing, as a probe for discovering dark matter in the universe, has contributed to the search for direct evidence of the existence of dark matter and the analysis of the spatial distribution of dark matter.
【作者单位】：南开大学;
【基金】：国家级教学团队建设项目“科学素质教育系列公共课教学团队”(教高函[2007]23号)
【分类号】：P145.9
【正文快照】： 1引力透镜效应产生的原因引力透镜是强引力场中一种特殊的光学效应。假设地球与一颗遥远的天体之间刚好有一个强引力场天体,三者差不多在一条直线上,强引力场天体附近的时空弯曲使远方天体的光不能沿直线到达地球,而使地球上观测到的像偏离了它原本所在的方向,其效果类似于透

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