晷影测年:以陶寺疑似圭尺为例

发布时间：2018-02-13 05:29

  本文关键词： 考古天文学 圭尺 陶寺 中天观测 年代　出处：《自然科学史研究》2016年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：2002年山西襄汾陶寺城址出土一件残长171.8厘米,且有43个色段端点的漆木杆,疑似标注中天日影的圭尺。为此,文章构建了普适的仅由晷影数据(或刻度)求解圭表观测年代的模型。该模型功能较强,能将未知的表高、圭表间距及太阳位置、观测误差等参数同时解出,可广泛用于圭表测年问题。为求陶寺漆杆的观测年代,设定可允许的最大高度角误差为0.1°,设定表高80~250 cm、圭表间距0~200 cm,步长1 cm;所求年代范围为BC 2201-BC1901,步长0.001 d。将这些参数和色段端点的数据代入模型处理,并考虑大气折射的影响,结果表明,色段端点中最少有67%与日影无关,故目前判断其为观测日影的圭尺尚存困难。
[Abstract]:In 2002, a lacquer wooden pole with 43 color endpoints was unearthed in Xiangfen, Shanxi Province, with a residual length of 171.8cm, suspected of marking the ruler of Zhongtian Sun Shadow. For this reason, In this paper, a universal model based on dials' shadow data (or scale) is constructed to solve the observation age of Gui meter. The model has a strong function and can solve the unknown parameters such as the height of the table, the distance between the tables, the position of the sun, the observation error, and so on at the same time. It can be widely used in the dating problem of Gui meter. In order to find out the observation age of the painted bar of Taosi, The maximum allowable angle error of height is 0.1 掳, the height of the table is 80 ~ 250 cm, the distance between two guidemeters is 0 ~ 200 cm, and the step is 1 cm. The age range is BC2201-BC1901 and the step length is 0.001 d. The data of these parameters and the end points of the color segment are substituted into the model and the effect of atmospheric refraction is taken into account. The results show that at least 67% of the color segment endpoints have nothing to do with the sun shadow, so it is still difficult to judge whether it is a ruler of the solar shadow observation at present.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院国家天文台;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助(项目批准号:11403062)
【分类号】：P1-092

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