月球撞击坑空间分布及形貌特征的定量化描述

发布时间：2018-02-27 07:37

本文关键词： 月球撞击坑空间分布撞击坑形貌定量化　出处：《东北师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：月球是离地球最近的天体，理所当然地成为了人类进行天文活动和空间探测活动的首选目标，月球运动不仅仅对人类的生产和活动产生重大的影响，而且对人类的文化发展与文明进步产生了深刻的影响。从苏联拍摄的第一幅月貌的卫星影像上，我们可以直接看到月球表面的形貌，其中最明显的月貌就是月表的撞击坑。月表的形貌反应了月表的地貌特征和月球的状态，同时它也记录了月球的形成过程和演化的信息。对月貌的探究，可以为月球的起源和演化提供直接的证据。自从20世纪以后，研究者们对月球表面的撞击坑进行了大量的研究。学者们进行撞击坑的识别和形态特征描述，对月球的撞击坑的空间分布状态进行研究，进而研究撞击坑的形成机制、月球的历史演化和地质变迁。本文利用嫦娥一号获取的CCD影像数据和DEM数据对撞击坑的空间分布和形貌特征进行定量化的描述。在研究全月球撞击坑空间分布时，，发现撞击坑空间分布的差异性。月球表面撞击坑在空间上是随机分布的，但是局部体现出一定的聚集现象。整个月球撞击坑以10km以下的中小型撞击坑为主，占全月球撞击坑数量的86.17%。月海地区以直径小于2km的撞击坑为主导，占月海全部撞击坑数量的89.64%；而月陆地区以10km以下的撞击坑居多，占月陆全部撞击坑数量的85.16%。除此之外，直径大于35km的大型撞击坑主要分布在月陆地区。撞击坑在月球表面的经纬度方向也存在一定的分布规律。对于撞击坑的形态方面，大多数学者以撞击坑的直径、深度等方面对撞击坑进行描述，本文将从撞击坑的总体尺寸、形态、中央峰等方面对撞击坑的形貌特征进行定量化描述。
[Abstract]:The Moon is the closest celestial body to the Earth and has naturally become the preferred target for human astronomical and space exploration activities. The Moon's motion not only has a major impact on human production and activities, And the development of human culture and civilization has a profound impact. From the first satellite image taken by the Soviet Union, we can see directly the topography of the lunar surface, the most obvious of which is the impact crater of the lunar surface. The appearance of the lunar surface reflects the geomorphological characteristics of the lunar surface and the state of the moon. At the same time, it also records the formation process and evolution information of the moon. The exploration of the lunar features can provide direct evidence for the origin and evolution of the moon. Since 20th century, researchers have done a lot of research on impact craters on the surface of the moon. Scholars have identified impact craters and described their morphological features, and studied the spatial distribution of impact craters on the moon. The formation mechanism of impact crater, the historical evolution and geological change of the moon are studied. In this paper, the spatial distribution and morphologic features of impact craters are quantitatively described by using the CCD image data and DEM data obtained from Chang 'e-1. In the study of the spatial distribution of the impact craters on the whole moon, It is found that the spatial distribution of impact craters is different. The impact craters on the surface of the moon are randomly distributed in space, but there is a local aggregation phenomenon. The whole crater is dominated by small and medium impact craters below 10 km. The Yuehai area is dominated by craters less than 2 km in diameter, accounting for 89.64% of the total number of impact craters in the lunar sea, while the lunar land area is dominated by craters below 10 km, accounting for 85.16% of the total number of impact craters in the lunar land. The large impact craters larger than 35 km in diameter are mainly distributed in the lunar land area. There are also some distributions of the impact craters in the longitude and latitude directions of the lunar surface. As for the shape of the impact craters, most scholars use the diameter of the impact craters. The depth of the impact crater is described in terms of its total size, shape and central peak.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P184.8

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