基于月面CCD影像和激光测高数据的月球形貌测绘技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 12:30

本文选题：月球形貌测绘　切入点：嫦娥一号　出处：《解放军信息工程大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：月球探测是我国进行深空探测的开端，本文以我国自主研制的第一颗探月卫星——嫦娥一号获取的科学探测数据为基础，围绕月面形貌测绘问题，系统研究了基于月球CCD影像和激光测高数据相结合的摄影测量处理相关理论和技术问题，重点探讨了嫦娥一号CCD影像与激光测高数据相结合的定位模型，激光测高数据辅助下的月面区域网平差方法，信息贫乏月面立体影像的匹配技术和月表DEM的自动生成等关键技术，并进行了实验验证。本文的主要工作和创新性成果包括： 1、研究了激光测高数据辅助下嫦娥一号线阵CCD影像严格的成像模型，针对该模型在计算定向参数中存在的复共线性问题，分析和比较了克服复共线性的参数解算的几种方法：岭估计法、谱修正迭代法、四元数法；通过实验得出结论，三种方法精度基本相当，特点各异，四元数法减少了大量的三角函数运算，而岭估计和谱修正迭代法的几何意义明显。 2、将激光测高数据作为虚拟观测值，提出了一种激光测高数据与影像的配准算法。实现了影像定向参数的稳定解算和对月面影像目标点的前方交会定位，利用嫦娥一号获取的CCD影像结合激光测高数据进行了相关实验。 3、引入定向片内插基于CCD影像严格成像模型实现了月面较大区域的嫦娥一号CCD影像区域网平差解算，取得了较好的实验结果。 4、将铅垂线轨迹法（VLL）的匹配方法用于月球区域网平差中，实现了激光测高点作为相邻影像连接点的自动匹配，为平差提供了较多数量的连接点，保证了区域网解算的稳定性和可靠性。初步实验表明，与单模型定位算法相比，提高精度50%以上。 5、利用投影轨迹法分析了线阵CCD影像的核线的基本特性，提出了一种基于组合特征与多重约束的匹配方法，首先以最小欧氏距离和准核线约束进行嫦娥一号CCD图像的特征点匹配，并将最小二乘匹配理论与匹配模型相结合形成了最小二乘匹配联合平差模型，，提高了影像匹配精度，然后，利用Harris提取特征点进行影像精细匹配。 6、实现了以高精度匹配算法为基础的月面数字形貌模型（DEM）的自动生成，提出了考虑陨石坑形貌特点的月面的DEM组合插值方法。
[Abstract]:Lunar exploration is the beginning of deep space exploration in China. Based on the scientific exploration data obtained from the first lunar probe satellite Chang'e 1, this paper focuses on the mapping of lunar surface topography. The theoretical and technical problems related to photogrammetry based on the combination of lunar CCD image and laser altimetry data are systematically studied, and the localization model of Chang 'e-1 CCD image combined with laser altimetry data is discussed emphatically. Some key technologies, such as the adjustment method of the regional network of the lunar surface assisted by laser altimetry data, the matching technology of the information poor lunar plane stereo image and the automatic generation of the DEM of the lunar surface, are verified by experiments. The main work and innovative achievements of this paper are as follows:. 1. The strict imaging model of Chang'e 1 linear CCD image assisted by laser altimetry data is studied. Several methods to overcome complex collinearity are analyzed and compared: Ridge estimation method, spectral correction iteration method, quaternion method, and the experimental results show that the accuracy of the three methods is basically the same and the characteristics are different. The quaternion method reduces a lot of trigonometric function operations, while the ridge estimation and spectral modified iterative method have obvious geometric significance. 2. Taking laser altimetry data as virtual observation value, a registration algorithm of laser altimetry data and image is proposed. The CCD image obtained by Chang'e 1 and laser altimetry data were used in the experiment. 3. Based on the strict imaging model of CCD image, the adjustment solution of Chang'e 1 CCD image network in the larger area of the moon is realized by introducing directional slice interpolation, and good experimental results are obtained. 4. The matching method of VLL) is applied to the adjustment of the lunar area network. The laser height measurement is used as the automatic matching of the adjacent image connection points, which provides a large number of connection points for the adjustment. The stability and reliability of the solution are guaranteed. The preliminary experiment shows that compared with the single model localization algorithm, the accuracy is improved by more than 50%. 5. The basic characteristics of the kernel lines of linear CCD images are analyzed by the projection trajectory method, and a matching method based on combination features and multiple constraints is proposed. At first, the minimum Euclidean distance and quasi-core line constraints are used to match the feature points of Chang'e 1 CCD image, and the least square matching theory is combined with the matching model to form the least square matching combined adjustment model, which improves the image matching accuracy. Then, Harris is used to extract feature points for fine image matching. 6. The automatic generation of lunar surface digital topography model based on high precision matching algorithm is realized, and the DEM combined interpolation method of lunar surface considering the characteristics of crater morphology is proposed.
【学位授予单位】：解放军信息工程大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TP391.41;P184.5

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