藏族天文历算传承模式及其变迁研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 05:34

本文选题：藏族天文历算　切入点：传承模式　出处：《西南大学》2011年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文主要依照国内外藏学界研究成果以及文化传播学、科学教育学等相关理论基础,结合作者实地田野调查,着重对藏族天文历算传承模式存在类型、状态及其历史变迁予以了比较系统的阐述和研究。在调查地点的选择上,依据藏族天文历算文化发展历史及现状,选取了西藏拉萨、山南、日喀则、青海藏区、甘南藏区作为主要考察地点。论文主要包含两大研究：研究一主要阐述藏族天文历算传承模式。结合文献资料及田野考察,以传承空间为维度将藏族天文历算传承模式分为家族传承模式、寺院传承模式及学校传承模式三种大的类型。结合传播学理论及前人研究基础,认为藏族天文历算的传承模式包括传承主体(传授者、授受者)、传承内容、传承方式、传承目的、传承影响范围五个方面,并以此为据,分析了不同传承模式的发展历程及其特点。论文认为,家族与寺院是传统藏族社会天文历算得以延续的主要传承空间,近代随着学校传承模式的出现,家族、寺院传承逐渐呈现式微趋势。研究二主要讨论藏族天文历算传承模式的变迁。通过梳理、分析三种传承模式之间的相互关系,认为近代社会是天文历算传承模式发生变迁的转折点,这一时期也是藏族社会开始从农牧经济为主体的传统社会逐步走向现代社会的时期。据此分析了依存于两种社会结构中的天文历算传承模式及其特点,最后通过比较,得出相应结论。研究最后结论如下： 1.以空间为维度的藏族天文历算传承模式主要有家族传承模式、寺院传承模式及学校传承模式三大类。 2.17世纪末18世纪始,学校传承模式开始出现；一部分藏区格鲁派寺院开始广泛兴建时轮学院,培养历算人才；19世纪末20世纪初,学校传承模式进一步发展,并逐步发展成为天文历算传承主体,寺院、家族传承呈现式微。 3.传承主体由寺院僧侣、“阿巴”家族群体转变为现代师生为主； 4.传承内容以历书的编制、藏医与藏历结合的天文历算内容为主,与此相应培养藏医药师、历算人才的传承目的凸显出来； 5.传承模式的变迁反映了“人与自然”和合相生的传统理念的逐步迁移。本研究第一次从科学教育学、文化传播学等视角对藏族传统科技文化之一的天文历算的传承模式及其变迁进行了研究,初步得出了相关结论,填补了藏族天文历算相关研究空白。
[Abstract]:Based on the research results of Tibetan scholars at home and abroad and related theories such as cultural communication, science education, and the author's fieldwork, this paper focuses on the existing types of Tibetan astronomical calendar inheritance mode. The state and its historical changes are systematically expounded and studied. Based on the history and present situation of Tibetan astronomical almanac culture, Lhasa, Shannan, Xigaze, Qinghai Tibetan and Gannan Tibetan regions are selected as the main investigation sites. The thesis mainly includes two major studies:. The first study mainly expounds the Tibetan astronomical calendar inheritance mode. Combined with the literature and field investigation, the Tibetan astronomical calendar inheritance model is divided into the family inheritance model in the dimension of inheritance space. Based on the theory of communication and the basis of previous studies, it is considered that the inheritance mode of Tibetan astronomical calendar includes the main body of inheritance (the teacher, the recipient of the inheritance, the content of the inheritance, the way of inheritance). Based on the analysis of the development process and characteristics of different inheritance models, the paper holds that family and monastery are the main inheritance space for the continuation of astronomical calendar in traditional Tibetan society. With the emergence of school inheritance mode in modern times, the inheritance of families and monasteries gradually presents a declining trend. The second study mainly discusses the change of the Tibetan astronomical calendar inheritance mode. Through combing and analyzing the relationship between the three inheritance modes, the author thinks that modern society is the turning point of the evolution of the astronomical calendar inheritance mode. This period is also a period in which Tibetan society begins to move from a traditional society dominated by agriculture and animal husbandry to a modern society. Based on this, this paper analyzes the models and characteristics of astronomical calendar inheritance that depend on the two social structures, and finally compares them. A corresponding conclusion is drawn. The findings of the study are as follows:. 1. There are three main models of Tibetan astronomical calendar inheritance based on space: family inheritance, monastery inheritance and school inheritance. At the end of the 17th century and the beginning of the 18th century, the school inheritance model began to appear, and some Tibetan Grumite monasteries began to build time wheel colleges extensively, to train calendars and to develop the school inheritance model further at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. And gradually developed into the astronomical calendar inheritance of the main body, monasteries, family heritage presents decline. 3.The main body of inheritance from monastery monks, "Aba" family group to modern teachers and students; 4. The contents of inheritance are the compilation of calendar books, the contents of astronomical almanac combined with Tibetan medicine, and the corresponding cultivation of Tibetan medicine teachers. 5. The change of inheritance mode reflects the gradual transfer of the traditional concept of harmony between man and nature. For the first time, from the perspectives of science education and cultural communication, this study studies the inheritance mode and changes of astronomical almanac, one of the traditional Tibetan scientific and technological cultures, and draws some preliminary conclusions. Filled in the Tibetan astronomical calendar related research blank.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：P194

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