ASγ实验表面扩展阵列PMT测试研究及Prototype探测器性能测试

发布时间：2018-04-05 08:05

本文选题：γ射线　切入点：100TeV　出处：《河北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：自1912年Victor Hess发现宇宙线至今，一百多年来，人们通过对宇宙线的研究，推动了粒子物理和天体物理的发展。但是，宇宙线的起源和加速问题仍是没有得到解决的世纪难题。人们普遍认为对100TeV能区γ射线的观测是寻找宇宙线源的最有效手段。中日合作ASγ实验位于西藏当雄县羊八井镇，海拔4300m，拥有789个闪烁体探测器（Tibet-III）和已建成的5组水契伦科夫地下缪子单元探测器（MD-I）。为了进一步提高实验的灵敏度，我们计划在现有表面阵列的外围增设160个闪烁体探测器，，这样不仅可以花费少，而且把100TeV能区的有效探测面积增大2倍。实验灵敏度将在TibetIII+MD-I的基础上提高2倍，我们称升级阵列为“扩展阵列”。本论文重点介绍本人在硕士研究生期间参与的ASγ实验扩展阵列探测器研制、测试和优化工作。首先第一章和第二章分别简要介绍了宇宙射线的背景知识和西藏羊八井ASγ实验。在第三章介绍了对四种2英寸候选光电倍增管的主要性能（绝对增益、高压响应、暗计数率、读出信号线性范围、地磁效应、光阴极的均匀性以及时间特性）的测试方法和测试结果。第四章介绍了通过改进光电倍增管R7725CA0130的分压器（优化分压配比，使用“锥形分压”），采用阳极和第9打拿极共同读出来实现探测器对大动态范围的要求。第五章是对研制的扩展阵列原型探测器的电荷和时间一致性的性能测试。第六章是总结和展望。
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of cosmic rays by Victor Hess in 1912, the research on cosmic rays has promoted the development of particle physics and astrophysics.However, the origin and acceleration of cosmic rays are still unsolved century problems.It is generally believed that the observation of 纬-ray in the 100TeV energy region is the most effective way to find the cosmic ray source.The Sino-Japanese cooperative as 纬 experiment is located in Yangbajing Town, Dangxiong County, Tibet, at an altitude of 4300m. It has 789 scintillator detectors Tibet-III) and five groups of underground Miao subunit detectors of Shuichilenkov, Tibet.In order to further improve the experimental sensitivity, we plan to add 160 scintillator detectors to the periphery of the existing surface array, which can not only cost less, but also increase the effective detection area of the 100TeV energy region by 2 times.The experimental sensitivity will double that of TibetIII MD-I. We call the upgraded array "extended array."This thesis focuses on the development, test and optimization of as 纬-experiment expanded array detector.In the first and second chapters, the background of cosmic ray and the as 纬 experiment of Yangbajing in Tibet are briefly introduced.In chapter 3, the main performances of four 2-inch candidate photomultiplier tubes (absolute gain, high voltage response, dark counting rate, linear range of readout signal, geomagnetic effect) are introduced.Methods and results of measurement of photocathode uniformity and time characteristics.In the fourth chapter, by improving the voltage divider of the photomultiplier tube (R7725CA0130), the requirements of the detector for a large dynamic range are realized by using the anode and the 9th pole to read out the detector by optimizing the proportion of the voltage divider, using the "conical voltage divider" and using the anode and the 9th pole.The fifth chapter is the performance test of charge and time consistency of the prototype detector with extended array.The sixth chapter is the summary and prospect.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P171

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