月球形成演化与月球地质图编研

发布时间：2018-04-22 13:32

本文选题：月球 + 形成与演化　；参考：《地学前缘》2014年06期

【摘要】：按照大碰撞假说,月球形成于一次大碰撞事件,抛射出的高能量物质留在绕地轨道上,最后吸积形成月球。月球核幔在早期迅速发生分离,并出现全球性的岩浆熔融,形成了岩浆圈层(岩浆洋)。岩浆洋的结晶分异和固化导致了月壳的形成。随着月壳与月幔发生持续分异,形成了固化的月壳。而在月球后期的演化历史中,撞击作用是最重要的地质作用,形成了多尺度、多期次的撞击盆地和撞击坑,而大型撞击盆地多形成于月球演化的早期。月球地质图是开展月球形成与演化研究的重要手段,从20世纪60年代起,到70年代末止,通过对阿波罗时代探月成果的系统总结,完成了第一轮月球地质图的研制。但尽管从20世纪90年代以来国际月球探测和月球科学的研究进入一个新的高潮,获得了大量有关月球形成和演化的新认识,但还没有正式的新的月球地质图发布,因此开展新一轮月球地质图的编研,系统总结后阿波罗时代的月球探测与研究成果,是非常必要和迫切的。在新一轮月球地质图的编制过程中,需重点关注图件比例尺的选择、月面历史的划分以及月球构造和岩石建造的表达。
[Abstract]:According to the large collision hypothesis, the moon was formed in a large collision event, the ejected high-energy material remained in orbit around the earth, and finally accretion formed the moon. The lunar core and mantle separated rapidly in the early stage, and the global melting of magma formed magma circle (magmatic ocean). The crystallization and solidification of magmatic ocean resulted in the formation of lunar crust. With the continuous differentiation between the lunar shell and the moon mantle, the solidified lunar shell is formed. In the late lunar evolution history, collision is the most important geological process, forming multi-scale and multi-stage impact basins and craters, while large impact basins are mostly formed in the early stage of lunar evolution. The lunar geological map is an important means to study the formation and evolution of the moon. From the 1960s to the end of 1970s, the first lunar geological map was developed through the systematic summary of the lunar exploration results in the Apollo era. However, although the international research on lunar exploration and lunar science has entered a new high tide since the 1990s, and a great deal of new knowledge about the formation and evolution of the moon has been obtained, no official new lunar geological map has been published. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to compile and study a new round of lunar geological maps and systematically summarize the results of lunar exploration and research in the post-Apollo era. In the process of compiling a new round of lunar geological map, we should pay attention to the selection of map scale, the division of lunar surface history and the expression of lunar structure and rock formation.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地球化学研究所月球与行星科学研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41373068) 中国科学院地球化学研究所领域前沿课题项目
【分类号】：P184.1;P184.62

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