火星尘埃与探测

发布时间：2018-05-05 05:05

本文选题：火星 + 尘埃　；参考：《北京航空航天大学学报》2012年01期

【摘要】：火星表面尘埃与太阳辐射、热辐射的相互作用直接影响火星大气的结构、热平衡和动力学过程,并会产生改变火星表面反照率和火星地貌的长期效应.火星尘埃环境还对登陆于火星表面的着陆器能源系统和光学载荷等系统构成影响.为此需开展火星大气尘埃的直接就位探测.在介绍了火星的尘埃特性与主要探测方法基础上,提出了采用微质量计技术开展火星表面尘埃就位探测的综合探测器方案.探测器包含3种传感器.尘埃累积传感器通过设置其敏感晶体表面朝上,可以探测火星表面尘埃的沉积质量与速率;荷电尘埃传感器通过加置不同极性的偏置电压,可以探测荷正电尘埃和荷负电尘埃的累积特性;磁尘传感器通过在敏感晶体后加设小型永久磁铁,可以探测磁性尘埃的累积特性.传感器感测质量范围为10-11～10-4g.火星尘埃综合探测器可应用于未来的火星着陆探测计划.
[Abstract]:The interaction of dust and solar radiation and thermal radiation on the surface of Mars directly affects the structure, thermal equilibrium and dynamic process of the atmosphere of Mars, and will produce long-term effects that change the albedo of the surface of Mars and the geomorphology of Mars. The dust environment of Mars also influences the energy system and optical load system of lander landing on the surface of Mars. In order to do this, we need to carry out direct exploration of Mars atmospheric dust. Based on the introduction of the dust characteristics of Mars and the main exploration methods, a comprehensive probe scheme is proposed to detect the dust on the surface of Mars by means of micro-mass meter. The detector contains three kinds of sensors. The dust accumulation sensor can detect the deposition quality and rate of dust on Mars surface by setting its sensitive crystal surface upward. The accumulative characteristics of positive and negative charged dust can be detected by magnetic dust sensor, which can be detected by adding small permanent magnets behind sensitive crystals. The sensing mass range of the sensor is 10-11 ~ (-4) g. The Mars Dust synthetic probe can be used in future Mars Landing Exploration Program.
【作者单位】：中国科学院研究生院;中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心;
【分类号】：P185.3

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