热力学观点下的引力理论及其相关研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 12:22

本文选题：引力 + 衍生现象　；参考：《南昌大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：通过弯曲时空的场论,人们发现黑洞以及其他时空模型等都有热力学效应。基于时空的热力学性质,我们相信时空与其他物质一样也有着其内部微观结构。在此基础上,一些物理学家认为现在所用来描述时空的引力理论可能只是一种宏观衍生现象。其中,Verlinde的熵力假说不仅将引力视为衍生宏观现象,而且解释了引力的起源是来自全息屏上的熵变。在本文中,为了得到可以被预言的新引力现象,我们讨论了一些在传统的纯引力理论中没有涉及的问题,例如引力涨落效应。第一章里,我们简要介绍研究背景和意义、回顾了历史上我们对引力本质认识的发展情况、以及时空与热力学的关系,并提出了自己的一些理解,从而为引力是衍生现象的观点做了铺垫。在第二章中,我们具体分析了一些衍生引力的观点,并给出了一些具体的数学推导。其中主要介绍如何从热力学的角度去认识时空与引力,并着重分析了全息原理带给我们的启发以及Verlinde的熵力假说,而且也分析了熵力所存在的一些缺陷,并提出了一些解决这些缺陷的具体思路。第三章中,我们通过修正能量均分定理得到修正的牛顿引力定律。在本章中,主要基于固体物理,将时空与弹性固体作类比去修正熵力,从而推导出修正的牛顿引力定律。同时我们分析了修正项所带来的影响,并指出修正项本身的物理意义正是反映了时空的涨落。第四章的内容则进一步将熵力以及由此得到的涨落现象应用到宇宙学中,得到了修正的Friedmann方程。而修正项恰好同宇宙学常数一样为真空能量密度,而且形式上与通过场论得到的ρ0-hωp4相一致,由此,我们相信宇宙学常数很有可能反映的是时空的涨落。最后是总结全文并做了展望
[Abstract]:Based on the field theory of curved spacetime, it is found that black holes and other space-time models have thermodynamic effects. Based on the thermodynamic properties of space-time, we believe that space-time, like other matter, has its internal microstructure. On this basis, some physicists believe that the theory of gravity, which is used to describe spacetime, may be just a macroscopic derivative phenomenon. Verlinde's entropy force hypothesis not only regards gravity as a derivative macroscopic phenomenon, but also explains that the origin of gravity comes from entropy change on holographic screen. In this paper, in order to obtain the new gravitational phenomena which can be predicted, we discuss some problems, such as gravitational fluctuation effect, which are not dealt with in the traditional pure gravity theory. In the first chapter, we briefly introduce the research background and significance, review the history of our understanding of the nature of gravity, as well as the relationship between space-time and thermodynamics, and put forward our own understanding. Thus, the idea that gravity is a derivative phenomenon is laid the groundwork. In the second chapter, we analyze some ideas of derivative gravity and give some mathematical derivation. It mainly introduces how to understand space-time and gravity from the point of view of thermodynamics, and emphatically analyzes the inspiration of holographic principle and Verlinde's entropy force hypothesis, and also analyzes some defects of entropy force. And put forward some concrete ideas to solve these defects. In the third chapter, we get the modified Newton's law of gravitation by modifying the theorem of energy equalization. In this chapter, the modified Newtonian law of gravity is derived by comparing space-time with elastic solids to modify entropy force based on solid physics. At the same time, we analyze the influence of the correction term, and point out that the physical meaning of the modified term itself reflects the fluctuation of space-time. In the fourth chapter, the entropy force and its fluctuation are further applied to cosmology, and the modified Friedmann equation is obtained. The modified term is exactly the same as the cosmological constant as the vacuum energy density, and the form is consistent with the 蟻 0-h 蠅 p4 obtained from the field theory. Therefore, we believe that the cosmological constant probably reflects the fluctuation of space-time. Finally, it summarizes the full text and makes a prospect.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：P131

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