500米口径球面射电望远镜的相控阵馈源设计

发布时间：2018-06-03 22:53

本文选题：500米口径球面射电望远镜 + 相控阵馈源　；参考：《南京理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：500米口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)是中国正在建设的重大科技项目,竣工后将成为世界上最大的单口径射电望远镜,大大推动我国射电天文学的发展。相比传统的馈源组,采用相控阵馈源作为焦平面阵列能够同时形成多个波束进行观测,拓宽视场,提高巡天速度,实现干扰的自适应抑制,增大系统灵敏度,因此被广泛应用于射电望远镜中。本文基于FAST设计符合指标的相控阵馈源。首先,编写了Matlab-HFSS联合仿真程序,为后续进行天线布局以及系统优化提供了一个便利的工具；其次,根据相关理论与仿真分析结果,确定了相控阵馈源阵列的设计要求,主要包括阵列排布形式,阵列规模,阵元数目,阵元间距以及形成单波束所需要的阵元数；然后依据FAST的性能标准,分析了相控阵馈源天线的相关指标,并提出了设计思路；最后,设计了三款双极化天线,分别是微带巴伦馈电的偶极子天线,电磁偶极子天线以及Vivaldi天线,并对馈源天线进行了性能对比。结果表明,三种天线均满足FAST要求,其中偶极子天线在所设计的频段内性能最为优异,最适合作为FAST的馈源使用。
[Abstract]:The 500-meter spherical radio telescope (FAST) is an important scientific and technological project under construction in China. When completed, it will become the largest single aperture radio telescope in the world, which will greatly promote the development of radio astronomy in China. Compared with the traditional feed group, the phased array feed can simultaneously form multiple beams for observation, widen the field of view, improve the survey speed, achieve adaptive suppression of interference, and increase the system sensitivity. Therefore, it is widely used in radio telescopes. In this paper, a phased array feed is designed based on FAST. Firstly, the Matlab-HFSS joint simulation program is written, which provides a convenient tool for antenna layout and system optimization. Secondly, according to the related theory and simulation results, the design requirements of phased array feed array are determined. It mainly includes array layout, array size, array element number, array element spacing and the number of elements needed to form a single beam. Then, according to the performance standard of FAST, the related indexes of phased array feed antenna are analyzed, and the design ideas are put forward. Finally, three dual-polarization antennas are designed, which are microstrip Barron fed dipole antenna, electromagnetic dipole antenna and Vivaldi antenna, and the performance of the feed antenna is compared. The results show that all of the three antennas meet the FAST requirements, and the dipole antenna has the best performance in the designed frequency band and is most suitable for use as the feed of FAST.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH751

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