LHAASO-KM2A混合探测宇宙线膝区物理的模拟研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 11:05

本文选题：宇宙线 + LHAASO　；参考：《河北师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：自从上世纪初发现宇宙线以来,宇宙线的产生、加速机制问题一直是一个尚未解决的粒子天体物理的基本问题。宇宙线膝区(10~(14)~10~(16)eV)对这一百年难题十分敏感,对膝区的成因做出的正确解释将对这一百年难题的解答起到具有决定意义的作用,这取决于对宇宙线膝区能谱和成分精确测量。一直以来,多国科学家瞄准这一目标,进行了多家实验,采用多种手段观测膝区宇宙线,但是各个实验之间得到的能谱不一致,特别是膝区成分有约30%的差异。 LHAASO项目(Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory,大型高海拔空气簇射观测站)则计划在西藏羊八井研究中心建立1km~2探测器阵列,采用多种探测手段复合、精确观测,充分利用羊八井研究中心的4300m高海拔有利条件,强化国际间合作,大大提高其它实验无法比拟的高能宇宙线探测能力。本文就LHAASO项目中电子探测器和μ子探测器组成的KM2A阵列进行模拟,针对30TeV能区以上的阵列灵敏度来进行阵列优化,并研究了阵列对宇宙线膝区能谱测量以及各成分的鉴别能力。本文大体可以分为以下几个部分: 第一章主要介绍了宇宙线的产生与传播机制以及宇宙线在膝区的国内和国际研究进展。第二章主要介绍了LHAASO项目的科学目标以及KM2A阵列的探测器设置及其触发条件和数据获取的基本设置。第三章主要对广延大气簇射模拟数据的产生, LHAASO-KM2A模拟程序,探测器响应的参数化和数据的分析做了详细介绍。第四章主要介绍了KM2A阵列的优化进展。使用程序计算得出阵列的角分辨、有效面积、g/p分辨和阵列的灵敏度结果。对阵列做更改探测面积、更改时间精度的模拟,以各种情况得到的灵敏度结果为依据,以期得到阵列的优化组合。第五章主要介绍了KM2A阵列针对膝区的模拟,对膝区进行了能谱测量以及宇宙线的轻成分、中成分、重成分的鉴别。第六章对本文工作进行了总结,展望了LHAASO项目对宇宙线物理即将做出的贡献。
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of cosmic rays at the beginning of last century, the generation and acceleration mechanism of cosmic rays have been an unsolved fundamental problem in particle astrophysics. The cosmic ray genu region (10 ~ (14) ~ (10) EV) is very sensitive to this 100 years difficult problem. The correct explanation of the cause of the knee region will play a decisive role in the solution of the 100 years problem, which depends on the accurate measurement of the cosmic ray knee region energy spectrum and composition. For a long time, scientists from many countries aimed at this goal, conducted many experiments and used various means to observe the cosmic rays in the knee region, but the energy spectra obtained from the various experiments were not consistent. In particular, there is a 30% difference in the composition of the knee area. The large High Altitude Air Show er Observatory (LHAASO) plans to set up an array of 1km~2 detectors at the Yangbajing Research Center in Tibet. The accurate observation makes full use of the 4300m high altitude favorable condition of Yangbajing Research Center, strengthens the international cooperation, and greatly improves the high energy cosmic ray detection ability which can not be compared with other experiments. In this paper, the KM2A array composed of electron detector and muon detector in LHAASO project is simulated, and the array sensitivity above 30TeV energy region is optimized. The measurement of cosmic ray knee energy spectrum and the discriminating ability of each component are studied. This paper can be divided into the following parts: the first chapter mainly introduces the mechanism of cosmic ray generation and propagation, as well as the domestic and international research progress of cosmic ray in knee region. In the second chapter, the scientific target of LHAASO project, the detector setting of KM2A array, the trigger condition and the basic setting of data acquisition are introduced. In chapter 3, the generation of simulated data of wide-range atmospheric shower, LHAASO-KM2A simulation program, the parameterization of detector response and the analysis of data are introduced in detail. In chapter 4, the optimization progress of KM 2A array is introduced. The results of angular resolution, effective area / g / p resolution and array sensitivity are calculated by the program. The array is simulated by changing the detection area and time precision, and the optimal combination of the array is obtained based on the sensitivity results obtained from various situations. In chapter 5, the simulation of the knee region by KM2A array is introduced. The energy spectrum of the knee region is measured and the light, middle and heavy components of cosmic rays are identified. In chapter 6, the work of this paper is summarized, and the contribution of LHAASO to cosmic ray physics is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：P172.4

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