月表撞击坑自动识别与提取的新方法及其应用

发布时间：2018-07-03 15:16

本文选题：撞击坑 + 特征参数　；参考：《地学前缘》2012年06期

【摘要】：月表撞击坑是月球最显著的地质构造特征。随着不同月球探测器探测数据的丰富与数据质量的提高,月表地质信息挖掘成为月球科学领域重要的研究内容。月表分布广泛的撞击事件的撞击机理研究和月表地质单元的地质年龄的判定等科学问题都离不开对撞击坑的研究。因此,对撞击坑进行识别和特征参数提取是挖掘以上月表地质隐含信息的基础和关键。针对目前用于撞击坑识别和特征参数提取的方法存在效率低下、应用范围有限等种种缺陷,提出了一种新的月表环形构造识别和特征参数提取方法,并且实现了定量自动化处理。首先,根据撞击坑环形构造特征,利用坡度指数提取坑壁多边形矢量要素;其次,提出并采用环形构造最小外包矩形法提取撞击坑的伪中心与伪直径;然后,以伪中心为中心点向外搜寻并确定撞击坑坑缘顶点;最后,利用三点定圆法确定撞击坑的中心位置和直径大小。以嫦娥一号CCD相机影像数据和利用CCD立体相机制作的DEM数据为数据源,选取不同区域、不同类型的月表撞击坑进行试验,并将计算结果与目前研究成果进行对比。结果验证表明,此方法可以推广到月表其他表面,并可应用于月表撞击坑形成机理研究和利用撞击坑大小-频率分布测量的方法确定月表地质单元的地质年龄工作中。
[Abstract]:The lunar surface impact crater is the most prominent geological structural feature of the moon. With the enrichment of exploration data and the improvement of data quality of different lunar probes, lunar surface geological information mining has become an important research content in the field of lunar science. The research on the impact mechanism of the impact events widely distributed on the lunar surface and the determination of geological age of the lunar surface geological unit can not be separated from the study of the impact crater. Therefore, the recognition of impact craters and the extraction of feature parameters are the basis and key to excavate the hidden information of surface geology in last month. In view of the shortcomings of the existing methods used in impact crater identification and feature parameter extraction, such as low efficiency and limited application scope, a new method for identifying the annular structure of the monthly surface and extracting the feature parameters is proposed. And the quantitative automatic processing is realized. Firstly, according to the characteristics of impact crater ring structure, the factor of polygon vector of crater wall is extracted by slope index. Secondly, the pseudo-center and pseudo-diameter of impact crater are extracted by the method of minimum outer rectangle of ring structure. The pseudo-center is taken as the center point to search out and determine the vertex of the crater edge, and finally, the center position and diameter of the crater are determined by the three-point circle method. Taking the image data of Chang'e 1 CCD camera and Dem data made by CCD stereo camera as data sources, different types of lunar surface impact craters in different regions are selected for experiment, and the calculated results are compared with the current research results. The results show that this method can be extended to other surface of the lunar surface and can be applied to the study of the formation mechanism of the lunar surface impact crater and the determination of geological age of the lunar surface geological unit by using the method of measuring the size and frequency distribution of the impact crater.
【作者单位】：中国科学院国家天文台;中国科学院研究生院;
【基金】：国家高技术研究发展计划“863”项目(2009AA122201) 国家自然科学基金项目(40904051)
【分类号】：P184

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