相对论简并电子气体的磁化

发布时间：2018-11-08 15:40

【摘要】：中子星内部的致密电子是高度简并的相对论气体,其输运性质与中子星磁或热的观测现象密切相关,被认为是中子星磁场的主要载体.外磁场中电子的朗道能级是分立的且高度简并的,与无外场时的能量差决定了系统的磁化程度,用量子统计的方法可计算理想相对论电子气体的磁化率.结果表明弱场条件下的磁化率在数量级上接近白矮星的10~(-3).强磁场下的磁化呈现出类似在某些低温金属中出现的de Haas-van Alphen震荡效应,高次谐频的震荡幅度有可能超出临界磁化时的磁化率.表明中子星内部有可能存在非稳定的磁化过程,发生类似气液转化的一级相变过程,出现两种磁化共存的稳定态或过冷磁化的亚稳态(若不同磁化态间存在表面能).从亚稳态向稳定态的突然转化可能与磁星的辐射有关,可以解释在磁星巨闪过程中观测到的额外辐射问题.
[Abstract]:The dense electrons in a neutron star are highly degenerate relativistic gases whose transport properties are closely related to the observation of the magnetic or thermal properties of the neutron star and are considered to be the main carrier of the neutron star magnetic field. The Landau energy levels of electrons in an external magnetic field are discrete and highly degenerate. The magnetic susceptibility of the ideal relativistic electron gas can be calculated by quantum statistical method. The results show that the magnetic susceptibility in the weak field is close to that of the white dwarf in the order of magnitude 10 ~ (-3). The magnetization under high magnetic field is similar to the de Haas-van Alphen oscillation effect in some low temperature metals, and the oscillation amplitude of high order harmonic frequency may exceed the magnetic susceptibility of critical magnetization. It is suggested that there may be an unstable magnetization process in the neutron star, a first-order phase transition process similar to the gas-liquid transformation, two stable magnetization coexisting states or metastable metastases of undercooled magnetization (if there is surface energy between different magnetized states). The sudden transition from metastable to stable state may be related to the radiation of magnetic star, which can explain the problem of extra radiation observed in the process of giant flash of magnetic star.
【作者单位】：新疆大学物理科学与技术学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(批准号:10963003,10763001,11063002) 新疆自然科学基金(批准号:2009211B01,2010211B05) 霍英东基金(批准号:121107) 新疆大学博士启动基金(批准号:BS110108)资助的课题~~
【分类号】：P145.6

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