高能伽玛射线观测研究进展和展望

发布时间：2018-12-13 19:43

【摘要】：高能伽玛射线辐射位居宇宙电磁辐射频带的高端,联系宇宙天体巨大能量释放和相对论性粒子加速及其非热辐射过程,是探索极端条件下物理过程的重要天文窗口,也是研究"世纪之谜"——宇宙线起源问题的重要手段.随着新一代探测器的稳定运行,天基和地基伽玛射线探测均取得了丰硕成果.在100 Me V能段,2008年上天的Fermi卫星已将伽玛射线源由三百增加到三千多个.在100 Ge V能段,地面切伦科夫望远镜HESS,MAGIC,VERITAS和地面EAS阵列Tibet ASγ,Milagro,ARGO-YBJ,自2003年以来已将伽玛射线源由十多个提升到一百六十个,同时,下一代探测器CTA和LHAASO也在稳步推进中,未来将把地基探测能力提升一个量级以上.本文主要介绍各家实验概况及其取得的重要观测进展,然后分类概括各种类伽玛射线源(脉冲星及其风云、超新星遗迹、伽玛射线双星、活动星系核、伽玛射线暴及其他伽玛射线源)的观测研究现状,并对未来CTA和LHAASO实验进行展望.
[Abstract]:High energy gamma-ray radiation is at the high end of the cosmic electromagnetic radiation frequency band. It is an important astronomical window to explore the physical process under extreme conditions, which is related to the great energy release from cosmic celestial bodies and the acceleration of relativistic particles and its non-thermal radiation process. It is also an important means to study the origin of cosmic rays. With the stable operation of the new generation of detectors, both space-based and ground-based gamma ray detection have achieved fruitful results. At 100 Me V, the 2008 Fermi satellite has increased gamma-ray sources from 300 to more than 3, 000. In the 100 Ge V range, HESS,MAGIC,VERITAS and Tibet AS 纬, the ground EAS array, Milagro,ARGO-YBJ, has increased the number of gamma ray sources from more than a dozen to 160 since 2003, and at the same time, The next generation of detectors, CTA and LHAASO, are also steadily moving forward, raising the ground detection capacity by more than an order of magnitude in the future. In this paper, the general situation of various experiments and their important observation progress are introduced, and then various kinds of gamma ray sources (pulsar and its wind and cloud, supernova relic, gamma ray binary star, active galactic nucleus) are classified and summarized. The present situation of the observation and study of gamma ray bursts and other gamma ray sources is also discussed. The future CTA and LHAASO experiments are prospected.
【作者单位】：中国科学院高能物理研究所粒子天体物理研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(批准号:11205165,11575203)
【分类号】：P172.3

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