太阳辐射监测仪在轨太阳光线仿真系统的设计

发布时间：2018-12-26 10:52

【摘要】：太阳辐射监测仪作为风云三号气象卫星的有效载荷,运行在太阳同步轨道上,在轨运行过程中通过其二维跟踪系统对太阳辐照度进行跟踪测量,在太阳辐射监测仪二维跟踪系统地面测试的仿真实验过程中,需要为其提供光源来模拟在轨运行时的太阳运行轨迹,验证二维跟踪系统的跟踪性能。为此本文对太阳辐射监测仪在轨太阳光线地面仿真系统进行了研究。卫星在轨随地球绕太阳的运动过程中,太阳相对卫星有一个角度变化,在轨太阳光线仿真系统需要模拟该角度变化从而模拟太阳相对卫星的轨迹。本文提出一种可实现球面运动轨迹的光源机构,在地面环境中,利用二维运动机构实现球面运动轨迹,并通过机构中的光源来实现从各个角度直射均匀等光照的平行光源的方法来模拟仪器在轨飞行时的太阳辐射,同时根据星上太阳方位计算理论,确定二维运动机构运动控制算法,通过单片机对二维运动机构的两轴运动速度和方向进行控制,从而模拟仪器在轨飞行时的太阳运动轨迹。本文在具备可靠平行光光源和二维机械结构的前提下,对在轨太阳光线轨迹进行调研之后,对仿真系统的电学控制系统进行了硬件电路和软件程序设计,实现了在轨太阳轨迹模拟,并通过地面实验进行了分析验证。本系统电学控制部分采用C8051F020单片机作为核心控制器,FPGA进行辅助控制；主要通过对步进电机的控制来实现二维机构的运动,并利用编码器对模拟光源角度信息进行反馈,实现在轨太阳光线轨迹模拟。本系统结构简单,便于自动控制,实用价值较高。实验证明所设计的在轨太阳光线仿真系统性能良好,对太阳辐射监测仪的二维跟踪系统地面性能测试具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:As a payload of the Fengyun 3 meteorological satellite, the solar radiation monitor operates in the solar synchronous orbit. During the course of orbit, the solar irradiance is tracked and measured by its two-dimensional tracking system. In the course of simulating the ground test of the two dimensional tracking system of the solar radiation monitor, it is necessary to provide the light source to simulate the track of the sun in orbit, and to verify the tracking performance of the two dimensional tracking system. Therefore, the ground simulation system of solar ray in orbit for solar radiation monitor is studied in this paper. There is an angle change between the sun and the satellite during the motion of the satellite in orbit around the sun. The simulation system of the solar ray in orbit needs to simulate the change of the angle to simulate the orbit of the sun relative to the satellite. In this paper, a kind of light source mechanism which can realize the spherical motion trajectory is proposed. In the ground environment, the two-dimensional motion mechanism is used to realize the spherical motion trajectory. And through the light source in the mechanism to realize the parallel light source with uniform illumination from all angles to simulate the solar radiation of the instrument in orbit, at the same time according to the calculation theory of the solar azimuth on the satellite, The motion control algorithm of two-dimensional motion mechanism is determined, and the velocity and direction of two-axis motion of two-dimensional motion mechanism are controlled by single chip microcomputer to simulate the track of the sun when the instrument is in orbit. In this paper, on the premise of reliable parallel light source and two-dimensional mechanical structure, the electrical control system of the simulation system is designed by hardware circuit and software program after the investigation of the orbit solar ray track. The simulation of the orbit of the sun in orbit is realized, and the results are analyzed and verified by the ground experiments. In the electrical control part of the system, C8051F020 microcontroller is used as the core controller, and FPGA is used as the assistant control. The motion of the two-dimensional mechanism is realized by controlling the stepping motor, and the angle information of the simulated light source is fed back by the encoder to simulate the trajectory of the sun ray in orbit. The system is simple in structure, convenient for automatic control and of high practical value. The experimental results show that the designed solar ray simulation system has good performance, which is of great significance to the ground performance test of the two-dimensional tracking system of the solar radiation monitor.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院（长春光学精密机械与物理研究所）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH753.1

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